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Renal elimination is the major route of excretion with about 60% of an administered dose recovered in urine, largely as inactive pyridine metabolites. However, renal impairment does not significantly influence amlodipine elimination. [54] 20-25% of the drug is excreted in the faeces. [55]
Common side effects include: low blood pressure, cough, hyperkalemia, headache, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, and kidney impairment. [ 18][ 19] The main adverse effects of ACE inhibition can be understood from their pharmacological action. The other reported adverse effects are liver problems and effects on the fetus. [ 19]
Valsartan, sold under the brand name Diovan among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease. [ 8] It belongs to a class of medications referred to as angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). It is a reasonable initial treatment for high blood pressure. [ 8]
Clearance (pharmacology) In pharmacology, clearance ( ) is a pharmacokinetic parameter representing the efficiency of drug elimination. This is the rate of elimination of a substance divided by its concentration. [ 1] The parameter also indicates the theoretical volume of plasma from which a substance would be completely removed per unit time.
Legal status. In Wikidata. A mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist ( MRA or MCRA) [ 1] or aldosterone antagonist, is a diuretic drug which antagonizes the action of aldosterone at mineralocorticoid receptors. This group of drugs is often used as adjunctive therapy, in combination with other drugs, for the management of chronic heart failure.
Levamlodipine ( INN ), also known as levoamlodipine or S-amlodipine is a pharmacologically active enantiomer of amlodipine. [ 1] Amlodipine belongs to the dihydropyridine group of calcium channel blocker used as an antihypertensive and antianginal agent. [ 2] It was approved by the U.S. FDA in December 2019 and is currently marketed under the ...
Elimination (pharmacology) In pharmacology, the elimination or excretion of a drug is understood to be any one of a number of processes by which a drug is eliminated (that is, cleared and excreted) from an organism either in an unaltered form (unbound molecules) or modified as a metabolite. The kidney is the main excretory organ although others ...
Chlorthalidone and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) are both thiazide diuretics used as a cornerstone treatment for hypertension (high blood pressure). Even though chlorthalidone and hydrochlorothiazide ...