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Abilene paradox. The Abilene paradox is a collective fallacy, in which a group of people collectively decide on a course of action that is counter to the preferences of most or all individuals in the group, while each individual believes it to be aligned with the preferences of most of the others. [1] [2] It involves a breakdown of group ...
The Euthyphro dilemma is found in Plato 's dialogue Euthyphro, in which Socrates asks Euthyphro, "Is the pious ( τὸ ὅσιον) loved by the gods because it is pious, or is it pious because it is loved by the gods?" ( 10a) Although it was originally applied to the ancient Greek pantheon, the dilemma has implications for modern monotheistic ...
Social norm. Social norms are shared standards of acceptable behavior by groups. [1] Social norms can both be informal understandings that govern the behavior of members of a society, as well as be codified into rules and laws. [2] Social normative influences or social norms, are deemed to be powerful drivers of human behavioural changes and ...
Conformity is the act of matching attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors to group norms, politics or being like-minded. [1] Norms are implicit, specific rules, guidance shared by a group of individuals, that guide their interactions with others. People often choose to conform to society rather than to pursue personal desires – because it is often ...
Correspondent inference theory is a psychological theory proposed by Edward E. Jones and Keith E. Davis (1965) that "systematically accounts for a perceiver's inferences about what an actor was trying to achieve by a particular action". [1] The purpose of this theory is to explain why people make internal or external attributions.
Administrative law. The doctrine of nondelegation (or non-delegation principle) is the theory that one branch of government must not authorize another entity to exercise the power or function which it is constitutionally authorized to exercise itself. It is explicit or implicit in all written constitutions that impose a strict structural ...
Solomon Asch 's experiments on group conformity mark a departure from these earlier studies by removing investigator influence from experimental conditions. In 1951, Asch conducted his first conformity laboratory experiments at Swarthmore College, laying the foundation for his remaining conformity studies. The experiment was published on two ...
Escalation of commitment. Escalation of commitment is a human behavior pattern in which an individual or group facing increasingly negative outcomes from a decision, action, or investment nevertheless continue the behavior instead of altering course. The actor maintains behaviors that are irrational, but align with previous decisions and actions.