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2% (people in hospital) [ 1] Hypophosphatemia is an electrolyte disorder in which there is a low level of phosphate in the blood. [ 1] Symptoms may include weakness, trouble breathing, and loss of appetite. [ 1] Complications may include seizures, coma, rhabdomyolysis, or softening of the bones.
The levels of this enzyme in the blood depend on factors such as age, sex, or blood type. [2] Blood levels of alkaline phosphatase also increase by two to four times during pregnancy. This is a result of additional alkaline phosphatase produced by the placenta and the liver. [3] [4] Additionally, abnormal levels of alkaline phosphatase in the
Pathology. Elevated alkaline phosphatase occurs when levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) exceed the reference range. This group of enzymes has a low substrate specificity and catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphate esters in a basic environment. The major function of alkaline phosphatase is transporting chemicals across cell membranes. [ 1]
Hypophosphatasia. Hypophosphatasia ( / ˌhaɪpoʊˈfɒsfeɪtˌeɪʒə /; also called deficiency of alkaline phosphatase, phosphoethanolaminuria, [ 5] or Rathbun's syndrome; [ 1] sometimes abbreviated HPP[ 6]) is a rare, and sometimes fatal, inherited [ 7] metabolic bone disease. [ 8]
003436. [ edit on Wikidata] Liver function tests ( LFTs or LFs ), also referred to as a hepatic panel, are groups of blood tests that provide information about the state of a patient's liver. [ 1] These tests include prothrombin time (PT/INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), albumin, bilirubin (direct and indirect), and others.
Osteomalacia is a disease characterized by the softening of the bones caused by impaired bone metabolism primarily due to inadequate levels of available phosphate, calcium, and vitamin D, or because of resorption of calcium. The impairment of bone metabolism causes inadequate bone mineralization . Osteomalacia in children is known as rickets ...
The comprehensive metabolic panel, or chemical screen ( CMP; CPT code 80053), is a panel of 14 blood tests that serves as an initial broad medical screening tool. The CMP provides a rough check of kidney function, liver function, diabetic and parathyroid status, and electrolyte and fluid balance, but this type of screening has its limitations.
The term leukemoid reaction describes an increased white blood cell count (> 50,000 cells/μL), which is a physiological response to stress or infection (as opposed to a primary blood malignancy, such as leukemia ). It often describes the presence of immature cells such as myeloblasts or red blood cells with nuclei in the peripheral blood.