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The Riemann zeta function ζ(s) is a function of a complex variable s = σ + it, where σ and t are real numbers. (The notation s, σ, and t is used traditionally in the study of the zeta function, following Riemann.) When Re (s) = σ > 1, the function can be written as a converging summation or as an integral: where. is the gamma function.
t. e. In mathematics, the Riemann hypothesis is the conjecture that the Riemann zeta function has its zeros only at the negative even integers and complex numbers with real part 1 2 . Many consider it to be the most important unsolved problem in pure mathematics. [ 1]
In mathematics, the Riemann zeta function is a function in complex analysis, which is also important in number theory. It is often denoted and is named after the mathematician Bernhard Riemann. When the argument is a real number greater than one, the zeta function satisfies the equation It can therefore provide the sum of various convergent ...
The Bernoulli numbers can be expressed in terms of the Riemann zeta function as Bn = −nζ(1 − n) for integers n ≥ 0 provided for n = 0 the expression −nζ(1 − n) is understood as the limiting value and the convention B1 = 1/2 is used. This intimately relates them to the values of the zeta function at negative integers.
Dirichlet character. In analytic number theory and related branches of mathematics, a complex-valued arithmetic function is a Dirichlet character of modulus (where is a positive integer) if for all integers and : [1] that is, is completely multiplicative. (gcd is the greatest common divisor)
Zeta-function regularization gives an analytic structure to any sums over an arithmetic function f ( n ). Such sums are known as Dirichlet series. The regularized form. converts divergences of the sum into simple poles on the complex s -plane. In numerical calculations, the zeta-function regularization is inappropriate, as it is extremely slow ...
Generalized Riemann hypothesis. The Riemann hypothesis is one of the most important conjectures in mathematics. It is a statement about the zeros of the Riemann zeta function. Various geometrical and arithmetical objects can be described by so-called global L -functions, which are formally similar to the Riemann zeta-function.
Roots of unity can be defined in any field. If the characteristic of the field is zero, the roots are complex numbers that are also algebraic integers. For fields with a positive characteristic, the roots belong to a finite field, and, conversely, every nonzero element of a finite field is a root of unity.