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Senile osteoporosis. Senile osteoporosis has been recently recognized as a geriatric syndrome with a particular pathophysiology. There are different classification of osteoporosis: primary, in which bone loss is a result of aging and secondary, in which bone loss occurs from various clinical and lifestyle factors. [1]
Cardiopulmonary exercise test. Prevalence. 50% among people with heart failure. Chronotropic incompetence ( CI) is the inability of heart rate to increase as expected in response to exercise. The condition can be defined in different ways and occurs in various diseases. Sufferers have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and early death.
Frequency. 15% (50 year olds), 70% (over 80 year olds) [ 7 ] Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass, micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue leading to more porous bone, and consequent increase in fracture risk. It is the most common reason for a broken bone among the elderly. [ 3 ]
Osteopenia, known as " low bone mass " or " low bone density ", is a condition in which bone mineral density is low. [ 1] Because their bones are weaker, people with osteopenia may have a higher risk of fractures, and some people may go on to develop osteoporosis. [ 2] In 2010, 43 million older adults in the US had osteopenia. [ 3]
Relative energy deficiency in sport ( RED-S) [1] [2] is a syndrome in which disordered eating (or low energy availability ), [3] amenorrhoea / oligomenorrhoea (in women), and decreased bone mineral density ( osteoporosis and osteopenia) are present. [4] It is caused by eating too little food to support the amount of energy being expended by an ...
Osteogenic loading ( OL) is a rehabilitative exercise method with the goal of improving bone density and preventing bone fracture. This may be seen as brief, intensive, resistance exercise for bone health. Osteogenic loading is an outpatient therapy that typically, is used with ambulatory individuals who are able to engage in resistance exercise.
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ( DXA, or DEXA[ 1]) is a means of measuring bone mineral density (BMD) using spectral imaging. Two X-ray beams, with different energy levels, are aimed at the patient's bones. When soft tissue absorption is subtracted out, the bone mineral density (BMD) can be determined from the absorption of each beam by bone.
Juvenile osteoporosis is osteoporosis in children and adolescents. Osteoporosis is rare in children and adolescents. When it occurs, it is usually secondary to some other condition, [ 1] e.g. osteogenesis imperfecta, rickets, eating disorders or arthritis. In some cases, there is no known cause and it is called idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis.