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The term differential is used in calculus to refer to an infinitesimal (infinitely small) change in some varying quantity. For example, if x is a variable, then a change in the value of x is often denoted Δx (pronounced delta x). The differential dx represents an infinitely small change in the variable x. The idea of an infinitely small or ...
Look up calculus in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. In mathematics education, calculus is an abbreviation of both infinitesimal calculus and integral calculus, which denotes courses of elementary mathematical analysis. In Latin, the word calculus means “small pebble”, (the diminutive of calx, meaning "stone"), a meaning which still ...
v. t. e. In mathematics, the derivative is a fundamental tool that quantifies the sensitivity of change of a function 's output with respect to its input. The derivative of a function of a single variable at a chosen input value, when it exists, is the slope of the tangent line to the graph of the function at that point.
In mathematics and computer algebra, automatic differentiation ( auto-differentiation, autodiff, or AD ), also called algorithmic differentiation, computational differentiation, [ 1][ 2] is a set of techniques to evaluate the partial derivative of a function specified by a computer program. Automatic differentiation exploits the fact that every ...
t. e. In mathematics, an ordinary differential equation ( ODE) is a differential equation (DE) dependent on only a single independent variable. As with other DE, its unknown (s) consists of one (or more) function (s) and involves the derivatives of those functions. [ 1] The term "ordinary" is used in contrast with partial differential equations ...
Limit (mathematics) In mathematics, a limit is the value that a function (or sequence) approaches as the argument (or index) approaches some value. [ 1] Limits of functions are essential to calculus and mathematical analysis, and are used to define continuity, derivatives, and integrals . The concept of a limit of a sequence is further ...
The simply typed lambda calculus ( ), a form of type theory, is a typed interpretation of the lambda calculus with only one type constructor ( ) that builds function types. It is the canonical and simplest example of a typed lambda calculus. The simply typed lambda calculus was originally introduced by Alonzo Church in 1940 as an attempt to ...
In calculus, an example of a higher-order function is the differential operator /, which returns the derivative of a function . Higher-order functions are closely related to first-class functions in that higher-order functions and first-class functions both allow functions as arguments and results of other functions.