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  2. Factorial number system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factorial_number_system

    The factorial number system is a mixed radix numeral system: the i -th digit from the right has base i, which means that the digit must be strictly less than i, and that (taking into account the bases of the less significant digits) its value is to be multiplied by (i − 1)! (its place value). Radix/Base. 8. 7. 6.

  3. Proportional representation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportional_representation

    Another mixed system is dual-member proportional representation (DMP). It is a single-vote system that elects two representatives in every district. [ 83 ] The first seat in each district is awarded to the candidate who wins a plurality of the votes, similar to FPTP voting .

  4. Duverger's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duverger's_law

    Duverger's law. In political science, Duverger's law ( / ˈduvərʒeɪ / DOO-vər-zhay) holds that in political systems with single-member districts (as in the U.S.), two main parties tend to emerge with minor parties typically splitting votes away from the most similar major party. [ 1][ 2] In contrast, systems with proportional representation ...

  5. Mixed radix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_radix

    In this numeral system, the mixed radix numeral 3 7 17 24 51 60 57 60 seconds would be interpreted as 17:51:57 on Wednesday, and 0 7 0 24 02 60 24 60 would be 00:02:24 on Sunday. Ad hoc notations for mixed radix numeral systems are commonplace. The Maya calendar consists of several overlapping cycles of different radices.

  6. Mixed-member proportional representation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed-member_proportional...

    e. Mixed-member proportional representation ( MMP or MMPR) is a mixed electoral system which combines local winner-take-all elections with a compensatory tier of party list votes, which are used to allocate additional members in a way that aims to produce proportional representation overall. In typical MMP systems, voters get two votes: one to ...

  7. Mixed electoral system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_electoral_system

    A mixed electoral system is one that uses different electoral systems to elect different seats in a legislature. [ 1][ 2][ 3] Most often, this involves a winner-take-all component combined with a proportional component. [ 4] The results of the combination may be mixed-member proportional (MMP), where the overall results of the elections are ...

  8. Fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraction

    A simple fraction (also known as a common fraction or vulgar fraction, where vulgar is Latin for "common") is a rational number written as a / b or ⁠ ⁠, where a and b are both integers. [ 9] As with other fractions, the denominator ( b) cannot be zero. Examples include ⁠ 1 2 ⁠, − ⁠ 8 5 ⁠, ⁠ −8 5 ⁠, and ⁠ 8 −5 ⁠.

  9. Ranked voting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranked_voting

    A voting system that always elects this candidate is called a Condorcet method. However, it is possible for an election to have no Condorcet winner, a situation called a Condorcet cycle. Suppose an election with 3 candidates A, B, and C has 3 voters. One votes A–C–B, one votes B–A–C, and one votes C–B–A.