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t. e. In linguistics, word order (also known as linear order) is the order of the syntactic constituents of a language. Word order typology studies it from a cross-linguistic perspective, and examines how languages employ different orders. Correlations between orders found in different syntactic sub-domains are also of interest.
Chomsky hierarchy. The Chomsky hierarchy (infrequently referred to as the Chomsky–Schützenberger hierarchy [1]) in the fields of formal language theory, computer science, and linguistics, is a containment hierarchy of classes of formal grammars. A formal grammar describes how to form strings from a language's vocabulary (or alphabet) that ...
t. e. Linguistic typology (or language typology) is a field of linguistics that studies and classifies languages according to their structural features to allow their comparison. Its aim is to describe and explain the structural diversity and the common properties of the world's languages. [1] Its subdisciplines include, but are not limited to ...
Linguistic typology. In linguistic typology , object–subject (OS) word order, also called O-before-S or patient–agent word order , is a word order in which the object appears before the subject. OS is notable for its statistical rarity as a default or predominant word order among natural languages. [1] Languages with predominant OS word ...
Phonological development refers to how children learn to organize sounds into meaning or language ( phonology) during their stages of growth. Sound is at the beginning of language learning. Children have to learn to distinguish different sounds and to segment the speech stream they are exposed to into units – eventually meaningful units ...
Processability theory (PT) is a cognitive approach to second language acquisition that seeks to explain developmental schedules as well as learner variation. It is based on Levelt’s (1989) approach to language generation and is formally operationalized using Lexical-Functional Grammar (Bresnan 2001). PT’s core assumption is that learners ...
Birner received a PhD in linguistics from Northwestern University in 1992. [1] She worked for two years in a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of Pennsylvania ’s Institute for Research in Cognitive Science. She is currently a Professor of Linguistics and Cognitive Science in the English department at Northern Illinois University. [2]
e. The evolution of languages or history of language includes the evolution, divergence and development of languages throughout time, as reconstructed based on glottochronology, comparative linguistics, written records and other historical linguistics techniques. The origin of language is a hotly contested topic, with some languages tentatively ...