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The amplitude of a periodic variable is a measure of its change in a single period (such as time or spatial period ). The amplitude of a non-periodic signal is its magnitude compared with a reference value. There are various definitions of amplitude (see below), which are all functions of the magnitude of the differences between the variable's ...
The fast varying blue curve is the carrier wave, which is being modulated. The amplitude of a wave may be constant (in which case the wave is a c.w. or continuous wave), or may be modulated so as to vary with time and/or position. The outline of the variation in amplitude is called the envelope of the wave.
The output of the transform is a complex -valued function of frequency. The term Fourier transform refers to both this complex-valued function and the mathematical operation. When a distinction needs to be made, the output of the operation is sometimes called the frequency domain representation of the original function.
Definition. A triangle wave of period p that spans the range [0, 1] is defined as where is the floor function. This can be seen to be the absolute value of a shifted sawtooth wave . For a triangle wave spanning the range [−1, 1] the expression becomes. Triangle wave with amplitude = 5, period = 4. A more general equation for a triangle wave ...
Essential for water waves, and other wave phenomena in physics, is that free propagating waves of non-zero amplitude only exist when the angular frequency ω and wavenumber k (or equivalently the wavelength λ and period T) satisfy a functional relationship: the frequency dispersion relation [4] [5]
A sine wave, sinusoidal wave, or sinusoid (symbol: ∿) is a periodic wave whose waveform (shape) is the trigonometric sine function. In mechanics, as a linear motion over time, this is simple harmonic motion; as rotation, it corresponds to uniform circular motion.
A periodic function or cyclic function, also called a periodic waveform (or simply periodic wave ), is a function that repeats its values at regular intervals or periods. The repeatable part of the function or waveform is called a cycle. [1] For example, the trigonometric functions, which repeat at intervals of radians, are periodic functions.
The period of a mass attached to a pendulum of length l with gravitational acceleration is given by = This shows that the period of oscillation is independent of the amplitude and mass of the pendulum but not of the acceleration due to gravity, g {\displaystyle g} , therefore a pendulum of the same length on the Moon would swing more slowly due ...