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Islamic banking and finance has its own products and services that differ from conventional banking. [ 1][ 2] These include Mudharabah ( profit sharing ), Wadiah (safekeeping), Musharakah ( joint venture ), Murabahah (cost plus finance), Ijar ( leasing ), Hawala (an international fund transfer system), Takaful (Islamic insurance), and Sukuk ...
Tabi'un. Tabi' al-Tabi'in. Da'i al-Mutlaq. al-Dawla. v. t. e. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence ( Arabic: أصول الفقه, romanized : ʾUṣūl al-Fiqh) are traditional methodological principles used in Islamic jurisprudence ( fiqh) for deriving the rulings of Islamic law ( sharia ). [ 1]
t. e. Islamic banking, Islamic finance ( Arabic: مصرفية إسلامية masrifiyya 'islamia ), or Sharia-compliant finance[ 1] is banking or financing activity that complies with Sharia (Islamic law) and its practical application through the development of Islamic economics. Some of the modes of Islamic finance include mudarabah (profit ...
Construction law is a branch of law that deals with matters relating to building construction, engineering, and related fields. It is in essence an amalgam of contract law, commercial law, planning law, employment law and tort. Construction law covers a wide range of legal issues including contract, negligence, bonds and bonding, guarantees and ...
Contract law. Offer and acceptance are generally recognized as essential requirements for the formation of a contract (together with other requirements such as consideration and legal capacity ). Analysis of their operation is a traditional approach in contract law. This classical approach to contract formation has been modified by developments ...
Ratio decidendi. Ratio decidendi ( US: / ˌreɪʃioʊ ˌdɪsaɪˈdɛndi, - daɪ /; Latin plural rationes decidendi) is a Latin phrase meaning "the reason" or "the rationale for the decision". The ratio decidendi is "the point in a case that determines the judgement" [1] or "the principle that the case establishes". [2]
Definition. When ahl ( أهل) appears in construction with a person, it refers to his blood relatives. However, the word also acquires wider meanings with other nouns. [ 6] In particular, bayt ( بَيْت) is translated as 'habitation' and 'dwelling', [ 7] and thus the basic translation of ahl al-bayt is ' (the) inhabitants of the house'. [ 6]
Machine translation (MT) is a process whereby a computer program analyzes a source text and, in principle, produces a target text without human intervention. In reality, however, machine translation typically does involve human intervention, in the form of pre-editing and post-editing. [ 97]