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Islamic banking and finance has its own products and services that differ from conventional banking. [ 1][ 2] These include Mudharabah ( profit sharing ), Wadiah (safekeeping), Musharakah ( joint venture ), Murabahah (cost plus finance), Ijar ( leasing ), Hawala (an international fund transfer system), Takaful (Islamic insurance), and Sukuk ...
Construction law is a branch of law that deals with matters relating to building construction, engineering, and related fields. It is in essence an amalgam of contract law, commercial law, planning law, employment law and tort. Construction law covers a wide range of legal issues including contract, negligence, bonds and bonding, guarantees and ...
t. e. Islamic banking, Islamic finance ( Arabic: مصرفية إسلامية masrifiyya 'islamia ), or Sharia-compliant finance[ 1] is banking or financing activity that complies with Sharia (Islamic law) and its practical application through the development of Islamic economics. Some of the modes of Islamic finance include mudarabah (profit ...
Contract law. Offer and acceptance are generally recognized as essential requirements for the formation of a contract (together with other requirements such as consideration and legal capacity ). Analysis of their operation is a traditional approach in contract law. This classical approach to contract formation has been modified by developments ...
Ratio decidendi. Ratio decidendi ( US: / ˌreɪʃioʊ ˌdɪsaɪˈdɛndi, - daɪ /; Latin plural rationes decidendi) is a Latin phrase meaning "the reason" or "the rationale for the decision". The ratio decidendi is "the point in a case that determines the judgement" [1] or "the principle that the case establishes". [2]
A translation of Quran in both Hindi and Urdu was done by Imam Ahmed Raza Khan in 1911 named as Kanzul Iman. One of the authentic translations of the Qur'an in Urdu was done by Abul A'la Maududi and was named Tafhimu'l-Qur'an. Molana Ashiq Elahi Merathi also translated the Qur'an in Urdu.
Machine translation (MT) is a process whereby a computer program analyzes a source text and, in principle, produces a target text without human intervention. In reality, however, machine translation typically does involve human intervention, in the form of pre-editing and post-editing. [ 97]
Inshallah ( / ɪnˈʃɑːlə /; Arabic: إِنْ شَاءَ ٱللَّٰهُ, romanized : ʾIn shāʾ Allāh Arabic pronunciation: [ʔin ʃaː.ʔa‿ɫ.ɫaːh] ), also spelled In shaa Allah, In sha Allah, Insya Allah, and İn şa Allah, is an Arabic-language expression meaning "if God wills" or "God willing". [ 1] Its use is mentioned in the ...