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Ankle pain may be symptomatic of inflammation of, or injury to, any of the tissues present in the region, including the joint space, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, bones, and muscles. Ankle pain may be associated with the following symptoms: [1] swelling. bruising. redness. numbness or tingling. instability. burning pain.
The ankle, the talocrural region[ 1] or the jumping bone (informal) is the area where the foot and the leg meet. [ 2] The ankle includes three joints: the ankle joint proper or talocrural joint, the subtalar joint, and the inferior tibiofibular joint. [ 3][ 4][ 5] The movements produced at this joint are dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the foot.
An ankle fracture is a break of one or more of the bones that make up the ankle joint. [ 1] Symptoms may include pain, swelling, bruising, and an inability to walk on the injured leg. [ 1] Complications may include an associated high ankle sprain, compartment syndrome, stiffness, malunion, and post-traumatic arthritis. [ 1][ 2]
Achilles tendinitis. Achilles tendinitis, also known as Achilles tendinopathy, occurs when the Achilles tendon, found at the back of the ankle, becomes sore. Achilles tendinitis is accompanied by alterations in the tendon's structure and mechanical properties. [ 2] The most common symptoms are pain and swelling around the affected tendon. [ 1]
The most common symptoms are sharp achy pain and swelling around the affected tendon. [18] [19] [20] The pain is typically worse at the start of exercise and decreases thereafter. [21] Stiffness of the ankle may also be present. [17] Onset is generally gradual. [18] It commonly occurs as a result of overuse such as running.
Forceful, external rotation of the ankle joint is the main cause of a Maisonneuve fracture. [4] [7] Engaging in high-intensity sports or falling over can increase the risk of tearing the deltoid ligament or cause an avulsion fracture of the medial malleolus from external rotation of the foot.
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