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Structural break. In econometrics and statistics, a structural break is an unexpected change over time in the parameters of regression models, which can lead to huge forecasting errors and unreliability of the model in general. [ 1][ 2][ 3] This issue was popularised by David Hendry, who argued that lack of stability of coefficients frequently ...
Vinod (2006), [31] presents a method that bootstraps time series data using maximum entropy principles satisfying the Ergodic theorem with mean-preserving and mass-preserving constraints. There is an R package, meboot, [32] that utilizes the method, which has applications in econometrics and computer science.
Autoregressive model. In statistics, econometrics, and signal processing, an autoregressive ( AR) model is a representation of a type of random process; as such, it can be used to describe certain time-varying processes in nature, economics, behavior, etc. The autoregressive model specifies that the output variable depends linearly on its own ...
In a dazzling fusion milestone, a magnetic mirror achieved first plasma. A major new player has entered the race toward endless energy. In a Dazzling Fusion Milestone, a Magnetic Mirror Achieved ...
Autoregressive integrated moving average. In statistics and econometrics, and in particular in time series analysis, an autoregressive integrated moving average ( ARIMA) model is a generalization of an autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model. To better comprehend the data or to forecast upcoming series points, both of these models are fitted ...
Cointegration. Cointegration is a statistical property of a collection (X1, X2, ..., Xk) of time series variables. First, all of the series must be integrated of order d (see Order of integration ). Next, if a linear combination of this collection is integrated of order less than d, then the collection is said to be co-integrated.
In time series analysis, the moving-average model ( MA model ), also known as moving-average process, is a common approach for modeling univariate time series. [ 1][ 2] The moving-average model specifies that the output variable is cross-correlated with a non-identical to itself random-variable. Together with the autoregressive (AR) model, the ...
Time series. In mathematics, a time series is a series of data points indexed (or listed or graphed) in time order. Most commonly, a time series is a sequence taken at successive equally spaced points in time. Thus it is a sequence of discrete-time data. Examples of time series are heights of ocean tides, counts of sunspots, and the daily ...