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  2. Substance over form - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_over_form

    Substance over form is an accounting principle used "to ensure that financial statements give a complete, relevant, and accurate picture of transactions and events". If an entity practices the 'substance over form' concept, then the financial statements will convey the overall financial reality of the entity (economic substance), rather than simply reporting the legal record of transactions ...

  3. Financial statement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_statement

    Financial statements (or financial reports) are formal records of the financial activities and position of a business, person, or other entity. Relevant financial information is presented in a structured manner and in a form which is easy to understand. They typically include four basic financial statements accompanied by a management ...

  4. FIFO and LIFO accounting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFO_and_LIFO_accounting

    FIFO and LIFO accounting are methods used in managing inventory and financial matters involving the amount of money a company has to have tied up within inventory of produced goods, raw materials, parts, components, or feedstocks. They are used to manage assumptions of costs related to inventory, stock repurchases (if purchased at different ...

  5. Financial accounting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_accounting

    Financial accounting is a branch of accounting concerned with the summary, analysis and reporting of financial transactions related to a business. [1] This involves the preparation of financial statements available for public use. Stockholders, suppliers, banks, employees, government agencies, business owners, and other stakeholders are ...

  6. Accounting records - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accounting_records

    Accounting records are key sources of information and evidence used to prepare, verify and/or audit the financial statements. They also include documentation to prove asset ownership for creation of liabilities and proof of monetary and non monetary transactions. Hieratic ostracon inscribed on both sides with many dots, possibly accounting ...

  7. Cash flow statement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cash_flow_statement

    t. e. In financial accounting, a cash flow statement, also known as statement of cash flows, [1] is a financial statement that shows how changes in balance sheet accounts and income affect cash and cash equivalents, and breaks the analysis down to operating, investing and financing activities. Essentially, the cash flow statement is concerned ...

  8. Chart of accounts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chart_of_accounts

    t. e. A chart of accounts (COA) is a list of financial accounts and reference numbers, grouped into categories, such as assets, liabilities, equity, revenue and expenses, and used for recording transactions in the organization's general ledger. Accounts may be associated with an identifier (account number) and a caption or header and are coded ...

  9. Materiality (auditing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materiality_(auditing)

    It is important to identify the primary users since materiality reflects the auditor’s judgment of the needs of users in relation to the information in the financial statements. Finally, in government auditing, the political sensitivity to adverse media exposure often concerns the nature rather than the size of an amount, such as illegal acts ...