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Metoprolol is a beta blocker, or an antagonist of the β-adrenergic receptors. It is specifically a selective antagonist of the β 1 -adrenergic receptor and has no intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. [ 37] Metoprolol exerts its effects by blocking the action of certain neurotransmitters, specifically adrenaline and noradrenaline.
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Alpha blockers work by blocking the effect of nerves in the sympathetic nervous system. This is done by binding to the alpha receptors in smooth muscle or blood vessels. [ 37] α-blockers can bind both reversibly and irreversibly. [ 2] There are several α receptors throughout the body where these drugs can bind.
An unusual side effect of digoxin is a disturbance of color vision (mostly yellow and green) called xanthopsia. Vincent van Gogh's "Yellow Period" may have somehow been influenced by concurrent digitalis therapy. Other oculotoxic effects of digoxin include generalized blurry vision, as well as seeing a "halo" around each point of light.
Performance-enhancing substances, also known as performance-enhancing drugs ( PEDs ), [ 1] are substances that are used to improve any form of activity performance in humans. A well-known example of cheating in sports involves doping in sport, where banned physical performance-enhancing drugs are used by athletes and bodybuilders.
Benzodiazepines ( BZD, BDZ, BZs ), colloquially called " benzos ", are a class of depressant drugs whose core chemical structure is the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring. They are prescribed to treat conditions such as anxiety disorders, insomnia, and seizures. The first benzodiazepine, chlordiazepoxide (Librium), was discovered ...
Varenicline, sold under the brand names Chantix and Champix among others, is a medication used for smoking cessation [ 5][ 7] and for the treatment of dry eye disease. [ 6][ 8] It is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist. [ 5][ 6] When activated, this receptor releases dopamine in the nucleus accumbens, the brain's reward center ...
Rare (0.01–0.1% incidence) Bradycardia. Hypertension (high blood pressure) Allergic reactions (e.g. dyspnoea (shortness of breath), bronchospasm, wheezing, angioneurotic oedema) Anaphylaxis. Changes in appetite. Paraesthesia (pins and needles) Hallucinations. Tremor.