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In mathematics, a rate is the quotient of two quantities in different units of measurement, often represented as a fraction. If the divisor (or fraction denominator) in the rate is equal to one expressed as a single unit, and if it is assumed that this quantity can be changed systematically (i.e., is an independent variable), then the dividend (the fraction numerator) of the rate expresses the ...
A more specific definition adopted in physical sciences (especially in metrology) for ratio is the dimensionless quotient between two physical quantities measured with the same unit. [4] A quotient of two quantities that are measured with different units may be called a rate .
Conversion of units is the conversion of the unit of measurement in which a quantity is expressed, typically through a multiplicative conversion factor that changes the unit without changing the quantity. This is also often loosely taken to include replacement of a quantity with a corresponding quantity that describes the same physical property ...
Frequency is an important parameter used in science and engineering to specify the rate of oscillatory and vibratory phenomena, such as mechanical vibrations, audio signals ( sound ), radio waves, and light . For example, if a heart beats at a frequency of 120 times per minute (2 hertz), the period—the interval between beats—is half a ...
A unit of measurement, or unit of measure, is a definite magnitude of a quantity, defined and adopted by convention or by law, that is used as a standard for measurement of the same kind of quantity. [ 1] Any other quantity of that kind can be expressed as a multiple of the unit of measurement. [ 2] For example, a length is a physical quantity.
Probability is the branch of mathematics concerning events and numerical descriptions of how likely they are to occur. The probability of an event is a number between 0 and 1; the larger the probability, the more likely an event is to occur. [note 1] [1] [2] A simple example is the tossing of a fair (unbiased) coin.
Flux as flow rate per unit area. In transport phenomena ( heat transfer, mass transfer and fluid dynamics ), flux is defined as the rate of flow of a property per unit area, which has the dimensions [quantity]· [time] −1 · [area] −1. [ 6] The area is of the surface the property is flowing "through" or "across".
Rate equation. In chemistry, the rate equation (also known as the rate law or empirical differential rate equation) is an empirical differential mathematical expression for the reaction rate of a given reaction in terms of concentrations of chemical species and constant parameters (normally rate coefficients and partial orders of reaction) only ...