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Statistical graphics have been central to the development of science and date to the earliest attempts to analyse data. Many familiar forms, including bivariate plots, statistical maps, bar charts, and coordinate paper were used in the 18th century. Statistical graphics developed through attention to four problems: [ 3]
Plot (graphics) A plot is a graphical technique for representing a data set, usually as a graph showing the relationship between two or more variables. The plot can be drawn by hand or by a computer. In the past, sometimes mechanical or electronic plotters were used.
A drawing of a graph. In mathematics, graph theory is the study of graphs, which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects. A graph in this context is made up of vertices (also called nodes or points) which are connected by edges (also called arcs, links or lines ).
Statistics is a mathematical body of science that pertains to the collection, analysis, interpretation or explanation, and presentation of data, [8] or as a branch of mathematics. [9] Some consider statistics to be a distinct mathematical science rather than a branch of mathematics. While many scientific investigations make use of data ...
Mathematical statistics is the application of probability theory, a branch of mathematics, to statistics, as opposed to techniques for collecting statistical data. Specific mathematical techniques which are used for this include mathematical analysis, linear algebra, stochastic analysis, differential equations, and measure theory. [ 1][ 2]
t. e. In mathematics, random graph is the general term to refer to probability distributions over graphs. Random graphs may be described simply by a probability distribution, or by a random process which generates them. [ 1][ 2] The theory of random graphs lies at the intersection between graph theory and probability theory.
Anscombe's quartet comprises four datasets that have nearly identical simple descriptive statistics, yet have very different distributions and appear very different when graphed. Each dataset consists of eleven ( x , y) points. They were constructed in 1973 by the statistician Francis Anscombe to demonstrate both the importance of graphing data ...
Histogram. A histogram is a visual representation of the distribution of quantitative data. The term was first introduced by Karl Pearson. [ 1] To construct a histogram, the first step is to "bin" (or "bucket") the range of values— divide the entire range of values into a series of intervals—and then count how many values fall into each ...
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