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In medicine, proton therapy, or proton radiotherapy, is a type of particle therapy that uses a beam of protons to irradiate diseased tissue, most often to treat cancer.The chief advantage of proton therapy over other types of external beam radiotherapy is that the dose of protons is deposited over a narrow range of depth; hence in minimal entry, exit, or scattered radiation dose to healthy ...
In particle therapy (proton therapy being one example), energetic ionizing particles (protons or carbon ions) are directed at the target tumor. [94] The dose increases while the particle penetrates the tissue, up to a maximum (the Bragg peak) that occurs near the end of the particle's range, and it then drops to (almost) zero. The advantage of ...
List of Proton vehicles. The following is a list of Proton vehicles, including past, present, and concept nameplates. Perusahaan Otomobil Nasional ( Proton) was established in May 1983 [1] through a joint-venture between The Heavy Industries Corporation Of Malaysia ( HICOM) and Mitsubishi Motors Corporation ( MMC ). [2]
First-line therapy (sometimes referred to as induction therapy, primary therapy, or front-line therapy) [2] is the first therapy that will be tried. Its priority over other options is usually either: (1) formally recommended on the basis of clinical trial evidence for its best-available combination of efficacy, safety, and tolerability or (2 ...
The history of radiation therapy or radiotherapy can be traced back to experiments made soon after the discovery of X-rays (1895), when it was shown that exposure to radiation produced cutaneous burns. Influenced by electrotherapy and escharotics —the medical application of caustic substances—doctors began using radiation to treat growths ...
proton .com. Proton Holdings Berhad, commonly known as Proton (stylised PROTON ), is a Malaysian multinational automotive company. Proton was established on May 7, 1983, as Malaysia's sole national budget car company until the advent of Perodua in 1993. The company is headquartered in Shah Alam, Selangor, and operates additional facilities in ...
Proton-pump inhibitor. Proton-pump inhibitors ( PPIs) are a class of medications that cause a profound and prolonged reduction of stomach acid production. They do so by irreversibly inhibiting the stomach's H + /K + ATPase proton pump. [1] Proton-pump inhibitors have largely superseded the H 2 -receptor antagonists, a group of medications with ...
A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol. p. , H +, or 1 H + with a positive electric charge of +1 e ( elementary charge ). Its mass is slightly less than the mass of a neutron and 1836 times the mass of an electron (the proton-to-electron mass ratio ). Protons and neutrons, each with a mass of approximately one atomic mass unit, are ...