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Inventory ( American English) or stock ( British English) refers to the goods and materials that a business holds for the ultimate goal of resale, production or utilisation. [ nb 1] Inventory management is a discipline primarily about specifying the shape and placement of stocked goods. It is required at different locations within a facility or ...
Inventory control is the process of managing stock once it arrives at a warehouse, store or other storage location. It is solely concerned with regulating what is already present, and involves planning for sales and stock-outs, optimizing inventory for maximum benefit and preventing the pile-up of dead stock. [ 17]
Vendor-managed inventory ( VMI) is an inventory management practice in which a supplier of goods, usually the manufacturer, is responsible for optimizing the inventory held by a distributor. Under VMI, the retailer shares their inventory data with a vendor (sometimes called supplier) such that the vendor is the decision-maker who determines the ...
Inventory investment is a component of gross domestic product (GDP). What is produced in a certain country is naturally also sold eventually, but some of the goods produced in a given year may be sold in a later year rather than in the year they were produced. Conversely, some of the goods sold in a given year might have been produced in an ...
t. e. Cost of goods sold ( COGS) is the carrying value of goods sold during a particular period. Costs are associated with particular goods using one of the several formulas, including specific identification, first-in first-out (FIFO), or average cost. Costs include all costs of purchase, costs of conversion and other costs that are incurred ...
v. t. e. In accounting, the inventory turnover is a measure of the number of times inventory is sold or used in a time period such as a year. It is calculated to see if a business has an excessive inventory in comparison to its sales level. The equation for inventory turnover equals the cost of goods sold divided by the average inventory.
Perpetual inventory. In business and accounting / accountancy, perpetual inventory system or continuous inventory system describes systems of inventory where information on inventory quantity and availability is updated on a continuous/real-time basis as a function of doing business. [1] Generally this is accomplished by connecting the ...
Inventory valuation. An inventory valuation allows a company to provide a monetary value for items that make up their inventory. Inventories are usually the largest current asset of a business, and proper measurement of them is necessary to assure accurate financial statements. If inventory is not properly measured, expenses and revenues cannot ...