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Cardiopulmonary exercise test. Prevalence. 50% among people with heart failure. Chronotropic incompetence ( CI) is the inability of heart rate to increase as expected in response to exercise. The condition can be defined in different ways and occurs in various diseases. Sufferers have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and early death.
Orthostatic hypertension involving the systolic BP is known as systolic orthostatic hypertension . High diastolic blood pressure measured while standing in a person who stood up shortly after waking up. When it affects an individual's ability to remain upright, orthostatic hypertension is considered as a form of orthostatic intolerance.
Stages of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease, progressing from healthy, to steatosis (fat accumulation), inflammation, fibrosis and cirrhosis. Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease ( MASLD ), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ), [ a ] is a type of chronic liver disease.
Moderate to high intensity exercise. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction ( EIB) occurs when the airways narrow as a result of exercise. This condition has been referred to as exercise-induced asthma ( EIA ); however, this term is no longer preferred. [ 1] While exercise does not cause asthma, it is frequently an asthma trigger.
Essential hypertension (also called primary hypertension, or idiopathic hypertension) is a form of hypertension without an identifiable physiologic cause. [ 1][ 2] It is the most common type affecting 85% of those with high blood pressure. [ 3][ 4] The remaining 15% is accounted for by various causes of secondary hypertension. [ 3]
In addition, hypertension precedes heart failure in 90% of cases, [7] and the majority of heart failure in the elderly may be attributable to hypertension. [17] Hypertensive heart disease was estimated to be responsible for 1.0 million deaths worldwide in 2004 (or approximately 1.7% of all deaths globally), and was ranked 13th in the leading ...
Exercise intolerance. Exercise intolerance is a condition of inability or decreased ability to perform physical exercise at the normally expected level or duration for people of that age, size, sex, and muscle mass. [ 1] It also includes experiences of unusually severe post-exercise pain, fatigue, nausea, vomiting or other negative effects.
The International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) was an adaptation created by the US National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) and used in assigning diagnostic and procedure codes associated with inpatient, outpatient, and physician office utilization in the United States. The ICD-9-CM is based on the ICD-9 but ...