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Field dependence is a concept in the field of cognitive styles. It is a one-dimensional model of variation in cognitive style. The concept was first proposed by American psychologist Herman Witkin in 1962. Field dependence/independence was the earliest studied area in the study of cognitive styles. In general, people who exhibit field ...
Interdependence theory. Interdependence theory is a social exchange theory that states that interpersonal relationships are defined through interpersonal interdependence, which is "the process by which interacting people influence one another's experiences" [ 1] (Van Lange & Balliet, 2014, p. 65). The most basic principle of the theory is ...
Learned helplessness is the behavior exhibited by a subject after enduring repeated aversive stimuli beyond their control. It was initially thought to be caused by the subject's acceptance of their powerlessness, by way of their discontinuing attempts to escape or avoid the aversive stimulus, even when such alternatives are unambiguously ...
Sociology. In psychology, codependency is a theory that attempts to explain imbalanced relationships where one person enables another person's self-destructive behavior [ 1] such as addiction, poor mental health, immaturity, irresponsibility, or under-achievement. [ 2]
Global precedence. Images and other stimuli contain both local features (details, parts) and global features (the whole). Precedence refers to the level of processing (global or local) to which attention is first directed. [1] Global precedence occurs when an individual more readily identifies the global feature when presented with a stimulus ...
Positive interdependence is an element of cooperative and collaborative learning where members of a group who share common goals perceive that working together is individually and collectively beneficial, and success depends on the participation of all the members. [ 1][ 2] In contrast to negative interdependence (i.e., individuals can only ...
Dependency need is an important psychological concept, encompassing the fields of psychological, evolutionary, and ethological theory. Need, in general, is a concept greatly studied in varying psychological fields, by psychologists with varying specialties. Need is particularly important to the area of personality psychology.
Psychological dependence is a cognitive disorder and a form of dependence that is characterized by emotional–motivational withdrawal symptoms upon cessation of prolonged drug use or certain repetitive behaviors. [ 4] Consistent and frequent exposure to particular substances or behaviors is responsible for inducing psychological dependence ...