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In publishing and graphic design, Lorem ipsum ( / ˌlɔː.rəm ˈɪp.səm /) is a placeholder text commonly used to demonstrate the visual form of a document or a typeface without relying on meaningful content. Lorem ipsum may be used as a placeholder before the final copy is available. It is also used to temporarily replace text in a process ...
Lexical tokenization is related to the type of tokenization used in large language models (LLMs) but with two differences. First, lexical tokenization is usually based on a lexical grammar, whereas LLM tokenizers are usually probability -based. Second, LLM tokenizers perform a second step that converts the tokens into numerical values.
In formal language theory, a context-free grammar ( CFG) is a formal grammar whose production rules can be applied to a nonterminal symbol regardless of its context. In particular, in a context-free grammar, each production rule is of the form. with a single nonterminal symbol, and a string of terminals and/or nonterminals ( can be empty).
Parsing. Parsing, syntax analysis, or syntactic analysis is the process of analyzing a string of symbols, either in natural language, computer languages or data structures, conforming to the rules of a formal grammar. The term parsing comes from Latin pars ( orationis ), meaning part (of speech). [ 1]
Text-to-image model. An image conditioned on the prompt "an astronaut riding a horse, by Hiroshige ", generated by Stable Diffusion, a large-scale text-to-image model released in 2022. A text-to-image model is a machine learning model which takes an input natural language description and produces an image matching that description.
A morpheme is the smallest meaningful constituent of a linguistic expression. [ 1] The field of linguistic study dedicated to morphemes is called morphology . In English, morphemes are often but not necessarily words. Morphemes that stand alone are considered roots (such as the morpheme cat ); other morphemes, called affixes, are found only in ...
Gloss (annotation) A gloss is a notation regarding the main text in a document. Shown is a parchment page from the Royal Library of Copenhagen. A gloss is a brief notation, especially a marginal or interlinear one, of the meaning of a word or wording in a text. It may be in the language of the text or in the reader's language if that is different.
Mad Libs is a word game created by Leonard Stern [ 1][ 2] and Roger Price. [ 3] It consists of one player prompting others for a list of words to substitute for blanks in a story before reading aloud. The game is frequently played as a party game or as a pastime. It can be categorized as a phrasal template game.