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In geometry, the spiral of Theodorus (also called the square root spiral, Pythagorean spiral, or Pythagoras's snail) [1] is a spiral composed of right triangles, placed edge-to-edge. It was named after Theodorus of Cyrene .
In mathematics, a square root of a number x is a number y such that ; in other words, a number y whose square (the result of multiplying the number by itself, or ) is x. [1] For example, 4 and −4 are square roots of 16 because .
Quadratic formula. The roots of the quadratic function y = 1 2 x2 − 3x + 5 2 are the places where the graph intersects the x -axis, the values x = 1 and x = 5. They can be found via the quadratic formula. In elementary algebra, the quadratic formula (in some countries referenced as Bhaskara's formula) is a closed-form expression describing ...
Among irrational numbers are the ratio π of a circle's circumference to its diameter, Euler's number e, the golden ratio φ, and the square root of two. [1] In fact, all square roots of natural numbers, other than of perfect squares, are irrational. [2]
Newton's method is one of many known methods of computing square roots. Given a positive number a, the problem of finding a number x such that x2 = a is equivalent to finding a root of the function f(x) = x2 − a. The Newton iteration defined by this function is given by.
Methods of computing square roots are algorithms for approximating the non-negative square root of a positive real number . Since all square roots of natural numbers, other than of perfect squares, are irrational, [1] square roots can usually only be computed to some finite precision: these methods typically construct a series of increasingly accurate approximations .
Common examples of quadratic integers are the square roots of rational integers, such as √ 2, and the complex number i = √ −1, which generates the Gaussian integers. Another common example is the non- real cubic root of unity −1 + √ −3 2, which generates the Eisenstein integers .
Radical symbol. In mathematics, the radical symbol, radical sign, root symbol, radix, or surd is a symbol for the square root or higher-order root of a number. The square root of a number x is written as. while the n th root of x is written as. It is also used for other meanings in more advanced mathematics, such as the radical of an ideal .