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An antacid is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity and is used to relieve heartburn, indigestion, or an upset stomach. [ 1] Some antacids have been used in the treatment of constipation and diarrhea. [ 2] Marketed antacids contain salts of aluminum, calcium, magnesium, or sodium. [ 2] Some preparations contain a combination of two ...
Proton-pump inhibitors have largely superseded the H 2-receptor antagonists, a group of medications with similar effects but a different mode of action, and heavy use of antacids. [2] A potassium-competitive acid blocker (PCAB) Revaprazan was marketed in Korea as an alternative to a PPI.
Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) block the gastric hydrogen potassium ATPase (H + /K + ATPase) and inhibit gastric acid secretion. These drugs have emerged as the treatment of choice for acid-related diseases, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcer disease .
Cimetidine was the prototypical histamine H 2 receptor antagonist from which later drugs were developed. Cimetidine was the culmination of a project at Smith, Kline & French (SK&F; now GlaxoSmithKline) by James W. Black, C. Robin Ganellin, and others to develop a histamine receptor antagonist that would suppress stomach acid secretion.
Cimetidine is a histamine type 2 blocker, which also binds to the androgen receptor to inhibit its function." However, this antiandrogen activity of cimetidine is weak, and the clinical benefit of its use in women with hirsutism is minimal. Thus, this drug is not recommended for the treatment of hyperandrogenism.
Famotidine. Famotidine, sold under the brand name Pepcid among others, is a histamine H 2 receptor antagonist medication that decreases stomach acid production. [ 4] It is used to treat peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. [ 4] It is taken by mouth or by injection into a vein. [ 4]
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