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A 4-bit synchronous counter using JK flip-flops. In a synchronous counter, the clock inputs of the flip-flops are connected, and the common clock simultaneously triggers all flip-flops. Consequently, all of the flip-flops change state at the same time (in parallel). For example, the circuit shown to the right is an ascending (up-counting) four ...
Stream cipher. The operation of the keystream generator in A5/1, an LFSR-based stream cipher used to encrypt mobile phone conversations. A stream cipher is a symmetric key cipher where plaintext digits are combined with a pseudorandom cipher digit stream ( keystream ). In a stream cipher, each plaintext digit is encrypted one at a time with the ...
The following is a list of CMOS 4000-series digital logic integrated circuits.In 1968, the original 4000-series was introduced by RCA.Although more recent parts are considerably faster, the 4000 devices operate over a wide power supply range (3V to 18V recommended range for "B" series) and are well suited to unregulated battery powered applications and interfacing with sensitive analogue ...
Asynchronous circuit ( clockless or self-timed circuit) [1] : Lecture 12 [note 1] [2] : 157–186 is a sequential digital logic circuit that does not use a global clock circuit or signal generator to synchronize its components. [1] [3] : 3–5 Instead, the components are driven by a handshaking circuit which indicates a completion of a set of ...
PC100 is a standard for internal removable computer random-access memory, defined by the JEDEC. PC100 refers to Synchronous DRAM operating at a clock frequency of 100 MHz, on a 64-bit-wide bus, at a voltage of 3.3 V. PC100 is available in 168-pin DIMM and 144-pin SO-DIMM form factors. PC100 is backward compatible with PC66 and was superseded by ...
The synchronous signalling methods use two different signals. A pulse on one signal indicates when another bit of information is ready on the other signal. The asynchronous signalling methods use only one signal. The receiver uses transitions on that signal to figure out the transmitter bit rate ("autobaud") and timing, and set a local clock to ...
Frequency divider. A frequency divider, also called a clock divider or scaler or prescaler, is a circuit that takes an input signal of a frequency, , and generates an output signal of a frequency: where is an integer. Phase-locked loop frequency synthesizers make use of frequency dividers to generate a frequency that is a multiple of a ...
In telecommunication and data transmission, serial communication is the process of sending data one bit at a time, sequentially, over a communication channel or computer bus. This is in contrast to parallel communication, where several bits are sent as a whole, on a link with several parallel channels. Serial communication is used for all long ...