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Ranking (statistics) In statistics, ranking is the data transformation in which numerical or ordinal values are replaced by their rank when the data are sorted. For example, if the numerical data 3.4, 5.1, 2.6, 7.3 are observed, the ranks of these data items would be 2, 3, 1 and 4 respectively. As another example, the ordinal data hot, cold ...
In descriptive statistics, the range of a set of data is size of the narrowest interval which contains all the data. It is calculated as the difference between the largest and smallest values (also known as the sample maximum and minimum). [1] It is expressed in the same units as the data. The range provides an indication of statistical dispersion.
Quartile. In statistics, quartiles are a type of quantiles which divide the number of data points into four parts, or quarters, of more-or-less equal size. The data must be ordered from smallest to largest to compute quartiles; as such, quartiles are a form of order statistic. The three quartiles, resulting in four data divisions, are as follows:
Order statistic. Probability density functions of the order statistics for a sample of size n = 5 from an exponential distribution with unit scale parameter. In statistics, the k th order statistic of a statistical sample is equal to its k th-smallest value. [1] Together with rank statistics, order statistics are among the most fundamental ...
Maximum and minimum. Local and global maxima and minima for cos (3π x)/ x, 0.1≤ x ≤1.1. In mathematical analysis, the maximum and minimum[a] of a function are, respectively, the largest and smallest value taken by the function. Known generically as extremum, [b] they may be defined either within a given range (the local or relative extrema ...
Big O notation is a mathematical notation that describes the limiting behavior of a function when the argument tends towards a particular value or infinity. Big O is a member of a family of notations invented by German mathematicians Paul Bachmann, [1] Edmund Landau, [2] and others, collectively called Bachmann–Landau notation or asymptotic notation.
Order of magnitude is a concept used to discuss the scale of numbers in relation to one another. Two numbers are "within an order of magnitude" of each other if their ratio is between 1/10 and 10. In other words, the two numbers are within about a factor of 10 of each other. [1] For example, 1 and 1.02 are within an order of magnitude.
Sum of cubes of divisors, σ 3 (n) up to n = 250. In mathematics, and specifically in number theory, a divisor function is an arithmetic function related to the divisors of an integer. When referred to as the divisor function, it counts the number of divisors of an integer (including 1 and the number itself). It appears in a number of ...