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91. __repr__. Called by the repr() built-in function and by string conversions (reverse quotes) to compute the "official" string representation of an object. If at all possible, this should look like a valid Python expression that could be used to recreate an object with the same value (given an appropriate environment). __str__.
The rule of thumb for repr is that if it makes sense to return Python code that could be evaluated to produce the same object, do that, just like str, frozenset, and most other builtins do, but if it doesn't, use the angle-bracket form to make sure that what you return can't possibly be mistaken for a human-readable-and-evaluatable-as-source repr.
First, str in Python is represented in Unicode. Second, UTF-8 is an encoding standard to encode Unicode string to bytes. There are many encoding standards out there (e.g. UTF-16, ASCII, SHIFT-JIS, etc.). When the client sends data to your server and they are using UTF-8, they are sending a bunch of bytes not str.
I did some experimentation with strings like '', ' ', '\n', etc. I want isNotWhitespace to be True if and only if the variable foo is a string with at least one non-whitespace character. I'm using Python 3.6. Here's what I ended up with: isWhitespace = str is type(foo) and not foo.strip() isNotWhitespace = str is type(foo) and not not foo.strip()
All string characters are unicode literal in Python 3; as a consequence, since str.split() splits on all white space characters, that means it splits on unicode white space characters. So split + join syntax (as in 1 , 2 , 3 ) will produce the same output as re.sub with the UNICODE flag (as in 4 ); in fact, the UNICODE flag is redundant here ...
16. You can access the code values for the characters in your string using the ord() built-in function. If you then need to format this in binary, the string.format() method will do the job. a = "test". print(' '.join(format(ord(x), 'b') for x in a)) (Thanks to Ashwini Chaudhary for posting that code snippet.)
Formatted string literals, str.format(), and format() will use the mixed-in type’s format() unless str() or format() is overridden in the subclass, in which case the overridden methods or Enum methods will be used. Use the !s and !r format codes to force usage of the Enum class’s str() and repr() methods.
How can I convert a string into uppercase in Python? When I tried to research the problem, I found something about string.ascii_uppercase , but it couldn't solve the problem: >>> s = 'sdsd' >>> s.ascii_uppercase Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'ascii_uppercase'
Try using this one; this function will ignore all the non-character sets (like UTF-8) binaries and return a clean string. It is tested for Python 3.6 and above. def bin2str(text, encoding = 'utf-8'): """Converts a binary to Unicode string by removing all non Unicode char. text: binary string to work on.
The big plus is that it works the same in both Python 2 and Python 3. Also, starting from Python 3.5 (thanks to the awesome PEP 448) it's now possible to build a list from any iterable by unpacking it to an empty list literal: >>> [*'abc'] ['a', 'b', 'c'] This is neater, and in some cases more efficient than calling list constructor directly.