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A psychological adaptation seen universally in humans is to easily learn a fear of snakes. [ 1] A psychological adaptation is a functional, cognitive or behavioral trait that benefits an organism in its environment. Psychological adaptations fall under the scope of evolved psychological mechanisms (EPMs), [ 2] however, EPMs refer to a less ...
Life history theory ( LHT) is an analytical framework [ 1] designed to study the diversity of life history strategies used by different organisms throughout the world, as well as the causes and results of the variation in their life cycles. [ 2] It is a theory of biological evolution that seeks to explain aspects of organisms' anatomy and ...
Evolutionary game theory analyses Darwinian mechanisms with a system model with three main components – population, game, and replicator dynamics. The system process has four phases: 1) The model (as evolution itself) deals with a population (Pn). The population will exhibit variation among competing individuals.
Behavioral neuroscience, also known as biological psychology, [1] biopsychology, or psychobiology, [2] is the application of the principles of biology to the study of physiological, genetic, and developmental mechanisms of behavior in humans and other animals.
Wilhelm Wundt. Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt ( / wʊnt /; German: [vʊnt]; 16 August 1832 – 31 August 1920) was a German physiologist, philosopher, and professor, one of the fathers of modern psychology. Wundt, who distinguished psychology as a science from philosophy and biology, was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist. [ 1]
The testing effect (also known as retrieval practice, active recall, practice testing, or test-enhanced learning) [1] [2] [3] suggests long-term memory is increased when part of the learning period is devoted to retrieving information from memory. [4] It is different from the more general practice effect, defined in the APA Dictionary of ...
Cognitive biology. Cognitive biology is an emerging science that regards natural cognition as a biological function. [ 1] It is based on the theoretical assumption that every organism —whether a single cell or multicellular —is continually engaged in systematic acts of cognition coupled with intentional behaviors, i.e., a sensory-motor ...
Adaptive value is an essential concept of population genetics. It represents usefulness of a trait that can help an organism to survive in its environment. This heritable trait that can help offspring to cope with the new surrounding or condition is a measurable quantity. [2] Measuring adaptive value increases our understanding of how a trait ...