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In 1978 Women and sex roles: A social psychological perspective was published, one of the first textbooks on the psychology behind women and sex roles. [15] Another textbook to be published, Gender and Communication, was the first textbook to discuss the topic of its subject. [16] Other influential academic works focused on the development of ...
Gender identity. Gender identity is the personal sense of one's own gender. [ 1] Gender identity can correlate with a person's assigned sex or can differ from it. In most individuals, the various biological determinants of sex are congruent, and consistent with the individual's gender identity. [ 2] Gender expression typically reflects a person ...
A gender role, also known as a sex role, [ 3] is a social role encompassing a range of behaviors and attitudes that are generally considered acceptable, appropriate, or desirable for a person based on that person's sex. [ 4][ 5][ 6] Sociologists tend to use the term "gender role" instead of "sex role", because the sociocultural understanding of ...
Feminist psychology is a form of psychology centered on social structures and gender. Feminist psychology critiques historical psychological research as done from a male perspective with the view that males are the norm. [ 1] Feminist psychology is oriented on the values and principles of feminism . Gender issues can be broken down into many ...
Gender schema theory is a cognitive theory to explain how individuals become gendered in society, and how sex-linked characteristics are maintained and transmitted to other members of a culture. The theory was formally introduced by Sandra Bem in 1981. Gender-associated information is predominantly transmuted through society by way of schemata ...
The social construction of gender is a theory in the humanities and social sciences about the manifestation of cultural origins, mechanisms, and corollaries of gender perception and expression in the context of interpersonal and group social interaction. Specifically, the social construction of gender theory stipulates that gender roles are an ...
Sandra Bem. Sandra Ruth Lipsitz Bem (June 22, 1944 – May 20, 2014) was an American psychologist known for her works in androgyny and gender studies. Her pioneering work on gender roles, gender polarization [ 1][ 2] and gender stereotypes led directly to more equal employment opportunities for women in the United States. [ 3]
The red (left) is the female Venus symbol. The blue (right) represents the male Mars symbol. Gender includes the social, psychological, cultural and behavioral aspects of being a man, woman, or other gender identity. [ 1][ 2] Depending on the context, this may include sex -based social structures (i.e. gender roles) and gender expression. [ 3 ...