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Escalation of commitment. Escalation of commitment is a human behavior pattern in which an individual or group facing increasingly negative outcomes from a decision, action, or investment nevertheless continue the behavior instead of altering course. The actor maintains behaviors that are irrational, but align with previous decisions and actions.
Cultural genocide or culturicide is a concept described by Polish lawyer Raphael Lemkin in 1944, in the same book that coined the term genocide. [ 1] The destruction of culture was a central component in Lemkin's formulation of genocide. [ 1] Though the precise definition of cultural genocide remains contested, the United Nations makes it clear ...
Heteronormativity is the concept that heterosexuality is the preferred or normal sexual orientation. [ 1] It assumes the gender binary (i.e., that there are only two distinct, opposite genders) and that sexual and marital relations are most fitting between people of opposite sex.
Integrity is the quality of being honest and showing a consistent and uncompromising adherence to strong moral and ethical principles and values. [ 1][ 2] In ethics, integrity is regarded as the honesty and truthfulness or earnestness of one's actions. Integrity can stand in opposition to hypocrisy. [ 3] It regards internal consistency as a ...
Where conservatives and liberals differ is primarily on social issues, where conservatives tend to reject behaviour that does not conform to some social norm. Modern conservative parties often define themselves by their opposition to liberal or socialist parties.
Performativity. Performativity is the concept that language can function as a form of social action and have the effect of change. [ 1] The concept has multiple applications in diverse fields such as anthropology, social and cultural geography, economics, gender studies ( social construction of gender ), law, linguistics, performance studies ...
The Council of Europe has organized some action plans for helping its member states. An example of this is the Council of Europe Action Plan for the Republic of Moldova 2021–2024, created with the purpose of improving Moldova's situation on democracy, human rights and rule of law and its state institutions and legislation. [15]
Religious abuse is abuse administered through religion, including harassment or humiliation that may result in psychological trauma. Religious abuse may also include the misuse of religion for selfish, secular, or ideological ends, such as the abuse of a clerical position. [ 1][ 2] Religious abuse can be perpetuated by religious leaders or ...