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In chemistry, the transition state of a chemical reaction is a particular configuration along the reaction coordinate. It is defined as the state corresponding to the highest potential energy along this reaction coordinate. [1] It is often marked with the double dagger (‡) symbol. As an example, the transition state shown below occurs during ...
Hammond's postulate. Hammond's postulate (or alternatively the Hammond–Leffler postulate ), is a hypothesis in physical organic chemistry which describes the geometric structure of the transition state in an organic chemical reaction. [1] First proposed by George Hammond in 1955, the postulate states that: [2]
The identification of numerous transition state inhibitors supports the transition state stabilization hypothesis for enzymatic catalysis. Currently there is a large number of enzymes known to interact with transition state analogs, most of which have been designed with the intention of inhibiting the target enzyme.
The Franck–Condon principle is a statement on allowed vibrational transitions between two different electronic states; other quantum mechanical selection rules may lower the probability of a transition or prohibit it altogether. Rotational selection rules have been neglected in the above derivation.
Transition (linguistics) A transition or linking word is a word or phrase that shows the relationship between paragraphs or sections of a text or speech. [1] Transitions provide greater cohesion by making it more explicit or signaling how ideas relate to one another. [1] Transitions are, in fact, "bridges" that "carry a reader from section to ...
Transition system. In theoretical computer science, a transition system is a concept used in the study of computation. It is used to describe the potential behavior of discrete systems. It consists of states and transitions between states, which may be labeled with labels chosen from a set; the same label may appear on more than one transition.
v. t. e. In chemistry, a transition metal (or transition element) is a chemical element in the d-block of the periodic table (groups 3 to 12), though the elements of group 12 (and less often group 3) are sometimes excluded. The lanthanide and actinide elements (the f-block) are called inner transition metals and are sometimes considered to be ...
In physics, chemistry, and other related fields like biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma.