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Methadone. Methadone, sold under the brand names Dolophine and Methadose among others, is a synthetic opioid agonist used for chronic pain and also for opioid use disorder. [ 7] It is used to treat chronic pain, and it is also used to treat addiction to heroin or other opioids. [ 10][ 11] Prescribed for daily use, the medicine relieves cravings ...
The level of ethanol consumption that minimizes the risk of disease, injury, and death is subject to some controversy. [16] Several studies have found a J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and health, [17] [18] [2] [19] meaning that risk is minimized at a certain (non-zero) consumption level, and drinking below or above this level increases risk, with the risk level of drinking a ...
MDMA is a moderately teratogenic drug (i.e., it is toxic to the fetus). [ 102][ 103] In utero exposure to MDMA is associated with a neuro - and cardiotoxicity [ 103] and impaired motor functioning. Motor delays may be temporary during infancy or long-term.
The effects of the dose of LSD given lasted for up to 12 hours and were closely correlated with the concentrations of LSD present in circulation over time, with no acute tolerance observed. [ 6 ] [ 9 ] Only 1% of the drug was eliminated in urine unchanged, whereas 13% was eliminated as the major metabolite 2-oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD (O-H-LSD) within ...
Lead poisoning, also known as plumbism and saturnism, is a type of metal poisoning caused by lead in the body. [ 2] Symptoms may include abdominal pain, constipation, headaches, irritability, memory problems, infertility, and tingling in the hands and feet. [ 1] It causes almost 10% of intellectual disability of otherwise unknown cause and can ...
Smoking cessation, usually called quitting smoking or stopping smoking, is the process of discontinuing tobacco smoking. [1] Tobacco smoke contains nicotine, which is addictive and can cause dependence. [2] [3] As a result, nicotine withdrawal often makes the process of quitting difficult. Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death and a ...
Amino acid substitution (e.g., D111E) – The first letter is the one letter code of the wild-type amino acid, the number is the position of the amino acid from the N-terminus, and the second letter is the one letter code of the amino acid present in the mutation. Nonsense mutations are represented with an X for the second amino acid (e.g. D111X).
Oxygen toxicity is a condition resulting from the harmful effects of breathing molecular oxygen ( O. 2) at increased partial pressures. Severe cases can result in cell damage and death, with effects most often seen in the central nervous system, lungs, and eyes. Historically, the central nervous system condition was called the Paul Bert effect ...