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Learn about the federal administration of Canada, its executive, legislative and judicial branches, and its constitutional monarchy. Find out how the prime minister, Cabinet, and governor general exercise their powers and responsibilities.
Learn about the government structure, political culture, and party system of Canada, a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy with a strong democratic tradition. Find out how Canada evolved from a British colony to a sovereign nation and how it protects individual rights, equality and inclusiveness.
The Parliament of Canada is the legislative body of the government of Canada. The Parliament is composed of the House of Commons (lower house), the Senate (upper house), and the sovereign, represented by the governor general. Most major legislation originates from the House, as it is the only body that is directly elected.
Learn about the federal institutions, departments, agencies, and corporations that form the Canadian state. The list includes the Crown, the executive, the legislative, and the judicial branches, as well as their functions and entities.
Learn about the federal legislature of Canada, composed of the King, the Senate, and the House of Commons, seated at Parliament Hill in Ottawa. Find out its history, structure, composition, and role in the Canadian political system.
Learn about the Cabinet of Canada, a body of ministers of the Crown that forms the government of Canada with the monarch and the prime minister. Find out how the Cabinet is composed, structured, and functions within the Westminster system.
In 1982, the Canada Act was passed by the British parliament and granted Royal Assent by Queen Elizabeth II on March 29. The corresponding Constitution Act was passed by the Canadian parliament and granted Royal Assent by the Queen on April 17, thus patriating the Constitution of Canada, and marking one of Trudeau's last major acts before his resignation in 1984.
The Constitution of Canada is the supreme law of Canada that outlines its system of government and civil and human rights. It includes written and unwritten components, such as the Constitution Act, 1867, the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, and treaties with Indigenous Peoples.