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Plant disease. Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). [ 1] Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus -like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. [ 2]
Plant pathology. Plant pathology or phytopathology is the scientific study of plant diseases caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). [ 1] Plant pathology involves the study of pathogen identification, disease etiology, disease cycles, economic impact, plant disease epidemiology, plant ...
Plant disease epidemiology is the study of disease in plant populations. Much like diseases of humans and other animals, plant diseases occur due to pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, oomycetes, nematodes, phytoplasmas, protozoa, and parasitic plants. [1] Plant disease epidemiologists strive for an understanding of the cause and ...
Plant disease forecasting. Plant disease forecasting is a management system used to predict the occurrence or change in severity of plant diseases. At the field scale, these systems are used by growers to make economic decisions about disease treatments for control. Often the systems ask the grower a series of questions about the susceptibility ...
1907; First academic department of plant pathology established at Cornell University [1] 1908; American Phytopathological Society founded [1] 1910; Panama disease reaches Western Hemisphere [5] 1911; Scientific journal Phytopathology founded [1] 1923; Lawrence Ogilvie identified the virus that had devastated Bermuda's high-value lily bulb crops.
Resistance genes (R-Genes) are genes in plant genomes that convey plant disease resistance against pathogens by producing R proteins. The main class of R-genes consist of a nucleotide binding domain (NB) and a leucine rich repeat (LRR) domain (s) and are often referred to as (NB-LRR) R-genes or NLRs. [ 1] Generally, the NB domain binds either ...
PPQ aims to support APHIS goals by early detection of pests, weeds and plant diseases harmful to the economy, to allow for an organized response before significant damage is caused. The National Identification Services (NIS) coordinates reports of plant pest identification, providing a database that may lead to quarantine actions.
Relative to a susceptible plant, disease resistance is the reduction of pathogen growth on or in the plant (and hence a reduction of disease), while the term disease tolerance describes plants that exhibit little disease damage despite substantial pathogen levels. Disease outcome is determined by the three-way interaction of the pathogen, the ...