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Ophiocordyceps unilateralis, commonly known as zombie-ant fungus, [ 2 ] is an insect-pathogenic fungus, discovered by the British naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace in 1859, and currently found predominantly in tropical forest ecosystems. O. unilateralis infects ants of the tribe Camponotini, with the full pathogenesis being characterized by ...
Before oral antifungal therapies are used to treat nail disease, a confirmation of the fungal infection should be made. [36] Approximately half of suspected cases of fungal infection in nails have a non-fungal cause. [36] The side effects of oral treatment are significant and people without an infection should not take these drugs. [36]
The fungus Escovopsis is a parasite in fungus-growing ant colonies that can greatly harm the fungal gardens through infection, [22] and the bacterium Pseudonocardia has a mutualistic relationship with ants. The relationship is thought to have been used by the ants for millions of years, co-evolving to produce the right type of antibiotics.
Bacillus anthracis. Cohn 1872. Bacillus anthracis is a gram-positive and rod-shaped bacterium that causes anthrax, a deadly disease to livestock and, occasionally, to humans. It is the only permanent ( obligate) pathogen within the genus Bacillus. Its infection is a type of zoonosis, as it is transmitted from animals to humans. [ 1 ]
White-nose syndrome. A little brown bat with white-nose syndrome. White-nose syndrome ( WNS) is a fungal disease in North American bats which has resulted in the dramatic decrease of the bat population in the United States and Canada, reportedly killing millions as of 2018. [ 1] The condition is named for a distinctive fungal growth around the ...
Ophiocordyceps. Ophiocordyceps is a genus of fungi within the family Ophiocordycipitaceae. [ 2] The widespread genus, first described scientifically by British mycologist Tom Petch in 1931, [ 3] contains about 140 species that grow on insects. [ 4] Anamorphic genera that correspond with Ophiocordyceps species are Hirsutella, Hymenostilbe ...
Epidermophyton floccosum is a filamentous fungus that causes skin and nail infections in humans. [ 1] This anthropophilic dermatophyte can lead to diseases such as tinea pedis (athlete's foot), tinea cruris, tinea corporis and onychomycosis. [ 2][ 3] Diagnostic approaches of the fungal infection include physical examination, culture testing ...
Claviceps purpurea is an ergot fungus that grows on the ears of rye and related cereal and forage plants. Consumption of grains or seeds contaminated with the survival structure of this fungus, the ergot sclerotium, can cause ergotism in humans and other mammals. [ 1][ 2] C. purpurea most commonly affects outcrossing species such as rye (its ...