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Uniform price auction. A uniform price auction otherwise known as a "clearing price auction", pay-as-clear [1] or marginal price auction, "marginal price system" (MPS), [2] is a multiunit auction in which a fixed number of identical units of a homogenous commodity are sold for the same price. Each bidder in the auction may submit (possibly ...
Absorption pricing. This pricing method aims to recover all the costs of producing a product. The price of a product includes the variable cost of each item plus a proportionate amount of the fixed costs: Unit Variable Costs + (Overhead + Managing Costs) ÷ Number of units produced = Absorption Price. Fixed or variable costs, direct or indirect ...
A two-part tariff (TPT) is a form of price discrimination wherein the price of a product or service is composed of two parts – a lump-sum fee as well as a per-unit charge. [1] [2] In general, such a pricing technique only occurs in partially or fully monopolistic markets. It is designed to enable the firm to capture more consumer surplus than ...
An example of experience curve effects: Swanson's law states that solar module prices have dropped about 20% for each doubling of installed capacity. [1] [2]In industry, models of the learning or experience curve effect express the relationship between experience producing a good and the efficiency of that production, specifically, efficiency gains that follow investment in the effort.
Competition law. In marketing, product bundling is offering several products or services for sale as one combined product or service package. It is a common feature in many imperfectly competitive product and service markets. [1] Industries engaged in the practice include telecommunications services, financial services, health care, information ...
A diesel multiple unit or DMU is a multiple-unit train powered by on-board diesel engines. A DMU requires no separate locomotive, as the engines are incorporated into one or more of the carriages. Diesel-powered single-unit railcars are also generally classed as DMUs. Diesel-powered units may be further classified by their transmission type ...
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Bulk purchasing or mass buying is the purchase of much larger quantities than the usual, for a unit price that is lower than the usual. Wholesaling is selling goods in large quantities at a low unit price to retail merchants. The wholesaler will accept a slightly lower sales price for each unit, if the retailer will agree to purchase a much ...