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2. Mitral regurgitation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitral_regurgitation

   Definition. Mitral regurgitation, also known as mitral insufficiency or mitral incompetence, is the backward flow of blood from the left ventricle, through the mitral valve, and into the left atrium, when the left ventricle contracts, resulting in a systolic murmur radiating to the left armpit. [ 5][ 3]

3. Mitral valve prolapse - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitral_valve_prolapse

   Mitral valve prolapse classification. Diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse is based on modern echocardiographic techniques which can pinpoint abnormal leaflet thickening and other related pathology. Echocardiography is the most useful method of diagnosing a prolapsed mitral valve. Two- and three-dimensional echocardiography is particularly ...

4. Mitral stenosis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitral_stenosis

   Mitral stenosis is a valvular heart disease characterized by the narrowing of the opening of the mitral valve of the heart. [ 1] It is almost always caused by rheumatic valvular heart disease. Normally, the mitral valve is about 5 cm 2 during diastole. Any decrease in area below 2 cm 2 causes mitral stenosis.

5. Valvular heart disease - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valvular_heart_disease

   See media help. Valvular heart disease is any cardiovascular disease process involving one or more of the four valves of the heart (the aortic and mitral valves on the left side of heart and the pulmonic and tricuspid valves on the right side of heart). These conditions occur largely as a consequence of aging, [ 1] but may also be the result of ...

6. Mitral valve - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitral_valve

   The mitral valve ( / ˈmaɪtrəl / ), also known as the bicuspid valve or left atrioventricular valve, is one of the four heart valves. It has two cusps or flaps and lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. The heart valves are all one-way valves allowing blood flow in just one direction. The mitral valve and the ...

7. Aortic regurgitation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortic_regurgitation

   Aortic regurgitation. Aortic regurgitation ( AR ), also known as aortic insufficiency ( AI ), is the leaking of the aortic valve of the heart that causes blood to flow in the reverse direction during ventricular diastole, from the aorta into the left ventricle. As a consequence, the cardiac muscle is forced to work harder than normal.