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Viral disease. A viral disease (or viral infection) occurs when an organism's body is invaded by pathogenic viruses, and infectious virus particles (virions) attach to and enter susceptible cells. [1] Examples are the common cold, gastroenteritis and pneumonia. [2]
Chikungunya is an infection caused by the Alphavirus chikungunya (CHIKV). [7][8][5] The disease was first identified in 1952 in Tanzania and named based on the Kimakonde words for "to become contorted". [5] Symptoms include fever and joint pain. [4] These typically occur two to twelve days after exposure. [5]
Cytomegalovirus. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (from cyto- 'cell' via Greek κύτος kútos - 'container' + μέγας mégas 'big, megalo-' + - virus via Latin vīrus 'poison') is a genus of viruses in the order Herpesvirales, in the family Herpesviridae, [3] in the subfamily Betaherpesvirinae. Humans and other primates serve as natural hosts.
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is a viral species of the genus Closterovirus that causes the most economically damaging disease to its namesake plant genus, Citrus. The disease has led to the death of millions of Citrus trees all over the world and has rendered millions of others useless for production. [ 1 ]
Infectious diseases. Viral encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, called encephalitis, by a virus. The different forms of viral encephalitis are called viral encephalitides. It is the most common type of encephalitis and often occurs with viral meningitis. Encephalitic viruses first cause infection and replicate outside of the ...
Chickenpox, also known as varicella (/ ˌvɛrəˈsɛlə / VER-ə-SEL-ə), is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV), a member of the herpesvirus family. [3][7][5] The disease results in a characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which eventually scab ...
HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 share broad similarities in their overall genetic organization and expression pattern, but they differ substantially in their pathogenic properties. [3] The virus utilizes the GLUT-1 and NRP1 cellular receptors for their entry, although HTLV-1, but not HTLV-2, is dependent on heparan sulfate proteoglycans.
Mpox (/ ˈɛmpɒks /, EM-poks; formerly known as monkeypox) [6] is an infectious viral disease that can occur in humans and other animals. Symptoms include a rash that forms blisters and then crusts over, fever, and swollen lymph nodes. The illness is usually mild, and most infected individuals recover within a few weeks without treatment.