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Sociologists today employ three primary theoretical perspectives: the symbolic interactionist perspective, the functionalist perspective, and the conflict perspective. These perspectives offer sociologists theoretical paradigms for explaining how society influences people, and vice versa.
Within the broad macro camp, two perspectives dominate: functionalism and conflict theory. Within the micro camp, two other perspectives exist: symbolic interactionism and utilitarianism (also called rational choice theory or exchange theory) (Collins, 1994).
Three paradigms have come to dominate sociological thinking, because they provide useful explanations: structural functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. Watch the following video for an overview of each of the sociological paradigms.
The three key sociological paradigms are functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. Each are explained below. Sociologists explore social phenomena from different viewpoints and at different levels.
The application of sociological theories is crucial for comprehending the intricate layers of social interactions and institutions. By employing these social theories, sociologists can dissect various societal issues, such as inequality, deviance, and the dynamics of power.
By learning more about sociological theories, you can gain a deeper and richer understanding of sociology's past, present, and future. Here are the 15 major sociological theories, concepts, and frameworks.
Sociology includes three major theoretical perspectives: the functionalist perspective, the conflict perspective, and the symbolic interactionist perspective (sometimes called the interactionist perspective, or simply the micro view).
Key Points. Theories have two components: data, and and the explanation of relationships between concepts that are measured by the data. A theory is a proposed relationship between two or more concepts, often cause and effect. Sociologists develop theories to explain social phenomena.
In sociology, there are three main paradigms: the functionalist paradigm, the conflict paradigm, and the symbolic interactionist paradigm. These are not all of the paradigms, however, and we’ll consider others as well as more specific topic-based variations of each of the “Big Three” theories.
Three paradigms have come to dominate sociological thinking, because they provide useful explanations: structural functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. Watch the following video for an overview of each of the sociological paradigms.