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HER2. Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 is a protein that normally resides in the membranes of cells and is encoded by the ERBB2 gene. ERBB is abbreviated from erythroblastic oncogene B, a gene originally isolated from the avian genome.
The epidermal growth factor receptor is a member of the ErbB family of receptors, a subfamily of four closely related receptor tyrosine kinases: EGFR (ErbB-1), HER2/neu (ErbB-2), Her 3 (ErbB-3) and Her 4 (ErbB-4). In many cancer types, mutations affecting EGFR expression or activity could result in cancer. [ 6]
Trastuzumab. Trastuzumab, sold under the brand name Herceptin among others, is a monoclonal antibody used to treat breast cancer and stomach cancer. [20] [17] [21] [22] It is specifically used for cancer that is HER2 receptor positive. [20] It may be used by itself or together with other chemotherapy medication. [20]
The ErbB family of proteins contains four receptor tyrosine kinases, structurally related to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), its first discovered member. In humans, the family includes Her1 (EGFR, ErbB1 ), Her2 ( ErbB2 ), Her3 ( ErbB3 ), and Her4 ( ErbB4 ). The gene symbol, ErbB, is derived from the name of a viral oncogene to ...
Receptor status was traditionally considered by reviewing each individual receptor (ER, PR, her2) in turn, but newer approaches look at these together, along with the tumor grade, to categorize breast cancer into several conceptual molecular classes [46] that have different prognoses [39] and may have different responses to specific therapies. [47]
ER-positive is one of the Receptor statuses identified in the classification of breast cancer.Receptor status was traditionally considered by reviewing each individual receptor (ER, PR, her2) in turn, but newer approaches look at these together, along with the tumor grade, to categorize breast cancer into several conceptual molecular classes that have different prognoses and may have different ...
Triple-negative breast cancer. Triple-negative breast cancer ( TNBC) is any breast cancer that either lacks or shows low levels of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression and/or gene amplification (i.e. the tumor is negative on all three tests giving the name triple ...
Cancers without hormone receptors at all are known as HR negative. Additionally, doctors have been able to examine cancer cells for the HER2 gene, and cancers with too many copies of the HER2 gene ...
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