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The 1947 Rawalpindi massacres (also 1947 Rawalpindi riots) refer to widespread violence, massacres, and rapes of Hindus and Sikhs by Muslim mobs in the Rawalpindi Division of the Punjab Province of British India in March 1947. The violence preceded the partition of India and was instigated and perpetrated by the Muslim League National Guards ...
Rawalpindi remained under the rule of Ghakkars until Muqrab Khan, the last Ghakkar ruler, was defeated by Sikhs in 1765. Under Sikh rule, traders were invited to settle in Rawalpindi. A thriving trade was established, but during the nineteenth century the Sikhs lost the city to the British, who established a cantonment south of the old city.
Sikh rule over Rawalpindi was consolidated by defeat of the Afghans at Haidaran in July 1813. [34] The Sikh rulers allied themselves with some of the local Gakhar tribes, and jointly defeated Syed Ahmad Barelvi at Akora Khattak in 1827, and again in 1831 in Balakot . [ 34 ]
Photograph of a Sikh health worker of the Karachi Plague Committee in Old Town, Karachi, by R. Jalbhoy, 1897 Gurdwara Dera Sahib, Lahore. Prior to independence in 1947, 2 million Sikhs resided in the present day Pakistan and were spread all across Northern Pakistan, specifically the Punjab region and played an important role in its economy as farmers, businessmen, and traders.
Systematic violence against women started in March 1947 in Rawalpindi where Sikh women were targeted by Muslim mobs. [7] Numerous Hindu and Sikh villages were wiped out. Huge numbers of Hindus and Sikhs were killed, [ 20 ] forcibly converted , often circumcised in public, children were kidnapped and women were abducted, paraded naked, raped ...
The Sikh population in Jammu and Kashmir is estimated to be between 100,000 (as reported by The Hindu on February 13, 1998) and 180,000 (as reported by The Tribune on October 4, 1998). This Sikh population constitutes approximately 1.3 percent of the overall population, which stands at 13 million (as per Kashmir.net, no specific date provided).
The Sikh Empire was a regional power based in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent. [ 7] It existed from 1799, when Maharaja Ranjit Singh captured Lahore, to 1849, when it was defeated and conquered by the British East India Company in the Second Anglo-Sikh War.
Murree rebellion of 1857. The Murree Rebellion of 1857 was a part of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. It was a skirmish between the hill tribes of Murree (in modern-day Pakistan) and the colonial government of British India. [1] Resentment toward colonial rule had been mounting for many years following the establishment of British Raj in the ...