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The 1947 Rawalpindi massacres (also 1947 Rawalpindi riots) refer to widespread violence, massacres, and rapes of Hindus and Sikhs by Muslim mobs in the Rawalpindi Division of the Punjab Province of British India in March 1947. The violence preceded the partition of India and was instigated and perpetrated by the Muslim League National Guards ...
Systematic violence against women started in March 1947 in Rawalpindi where Sikh women were targeted by Muslim mobs. [7] Numerous Hindu and Sikh villages were wiped out. Huge numbers of Hindus and Sikhs were killed, [ 20 ] forcibly converted , often circumcised in public, children were kidnapped and women were abducted, paraded naked, raped ...
Sikh rule over Rawalpindi was consolidated by defeat of the Afghans at Haidaran in July 1813. [34] The Sikh rulers allied themselves with some of the local Gakhar tribes, and jointly defeated Syed Ahmad Barelvi at Akora Khattak in 1827, and again in 1831 in Balakot . [ 34 ]
Photograph of a Sikh health worker of the Karachi Plague Committee in Old Town, Karachi, by R. Jalbhoy, 1897 Gurdwara Dera Sahib, Lahore. Prior to independence in 1947, 2 million Sikhs resided in the present day Pakistan and were spread all across Northern Pakistan, specifically the Punjab region and played an important role in its economy as farmers, businessmen, and traders.
In Pataudi, two teenage Sikh women were dragged in the middle of a street where they were stripped naked. They were beaten and urinated on. They were finally burned alive. [84] 500 armed men were allegedly transported in trucks to Hondh-Chillar. They yelled anti Sikh slogans before burning Sikhs alive in their homes and gang raping women. [87]
Rawalpindi remained under the rule of Ghakkars until Muqrab Khan, the last Ghakkar ruler, was defeated by Sikhs in 1765. Under Sikh rule, traders were invited to settle in Rawalpindi. A thriving trade was established, but during the nineteenth century the Sikhs lost the city to the British, who established a cantonment south of the old city.
The Sikh population in Jammu and Kashmir is estimated to be between 100,000 (as reported by The Hindu on February 13, 1998) and 180,000 (as reported by The Tribune on October 4, 1998). This Sikh population constitutes approximately 1.3 percent of the overall population, which stands at 13 million (as per Kashmir.net, no specific date provided).
The first half of the 19th-century saw Sikh power expanded with the Sikh Empire under Ranjit Singh.This strength was deeply admired and cherished by Sikhs. The Nirankari sect was founded in 1851 by Baba Dyal, a Sahajdhari, who aimed at refocusing Sikhs on the Adi Granth – the Sikh scripture, and reform the beliefs and customs of the Sikhs. [3]