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Chickenpox. Chickenpox, also known as varicella ( / ˌvɛrəˈsɛlə / VER-ə-SEL-ə ), is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV), a member of the herpesvirus family. [ 3][ 7][ 5] The disease results in a characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which ...
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. [7] [11] The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977, and the World Health Organization (WHO) certified the global eradication of the disease in 1980, [10] making smallpox the only human disease to have been eradicated to date.
The name of the family, Poxviridae, is a legacy of the original grouping of viruses associated with diseases that produced poxes on the skin. Modern viral classification is based on phenotypic characteristics; morphology, nucleic acid type, mode of replication, host organisms, and the type of disease they cause.
Diseases associated with this genus include smallpox, cowpox, horsepox, camelpox, and mpox. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The most widely known member of the genus is Variola virus , which causes smallpox. It was eradicated globally by 1977, through the use of Vaccinia virus as a vaccine.
Varicella zoster virus. Varicella zoster virus ( VZV ), also known as human herpesvirus 3 ( HHV-3, HHV3) or Human alphaherpesvirus 3 ( taxonomically ), is one of nine known herpes viruses that can infect humans. It causes chickenpox (varicella) commonly affecting children and young adults, and shingles (herpes zoster) in adults but rarely in ...
The monkeypox virus (MPV, MPXV, or hMPXV) [1] [a] is a species of double-stranded DNA virus that causes mpox disease in humans and other mammals. It is a zoonotic virus belonging to the Orthopoxvirus genus, making it closely related to the variola , cowpox , and vaccinia viruses.
The history of smallpox extends into pre-history. [ 1] Genetic evidence suggests that the smallpox virus emerged 3,000 to 4,000 years ago. [ 2] Prior to that, similar ancestral viruses circulated, but possibly only in other mammals, and possibly with different symptoms. Only a few written reports dating from about 500 AD to 1000 AD are ...
Mpox ( / ˈɛmpɒks /, EM-poks; formerly known as monkeypox) [ 6] is an infectious viral disease that can occur in humans and other animals. [ 1] Symptoms include a rash that forms blisters and then crusts over, fever, and swollen lymph nodes. [ 1] The illness is usually mild, and most of infected individuals recover within a few weeks without ...