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One of the economists who provides some data on the gender wage gap in Soviet Russia is A. Rashin (1928). According to him, the gender pay gap in the textile industry for Leningrad (today's Saint Petersburg) in 1928 was 27.4%, while in Ivanovo Oblast it was as small as 5.5%. [11] However, according to Khrachev (1964), these figures tend to ...
At EU level, the gender pay gap is defined as the relative difference in the average gross hourly earnings of women and men within the economy as a whole. Eurostat found a persisting gender pay gap of 17.5% on average in the 27 EU Member States in 2008.
List of countries by income equality. World map of income inequality Gini coefficients by country. Based on World Bank data ranging from 1992 to 2020. [ 1] Above 50%. Between 45% and 50%. Between 40% and 45%. Between 35% and 40%.
The data show that the gender pay gap in Europe's biggest economy has remained unchanged since 2020. On an adjusted basis, the gender pay gap for 2023 was 6%, said the office.
The gender wage gap is even prevalent in women-majority occupations. Among the 20 most common occupations for women in 2022, men out-earned women in every single category.
The unadjusted gender pay gap by age (%), 2021. Gender is also an important aspect of economic inequality. Because women continue to hold lower-paying jobs, they earn 13% less than men on average across the European Union. According to European Quality of Life Survey and European Working Conditions Survey data, women in the European Union work ...
The gender pay gap is widest for Black and Hispanic women. Those groups of women earned 69 cents and 58 cents, respectively, for every dollar a white, non-Hispanic man earned in 2022.
As of July 2024, the unemployment rate is at 11.27% of labor force. [ 1] Unemployment rates in Spain rose sharply during the late 2000s and early 2010s. Unemployment was at 8% between 2006 and 2007. Starting in 2008, the Spanish economic crisis caused the rate to rise past 20% in 2010 and 25% in 2012.