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Models of population growth take trends in human development and apply projections into the future. [3] These models use trend-based-assumptions about how populations will respond to economic, social and technological forces to understand how they will affect fertility and mortality , and thus population growth .
Population growth is the increase in the number of people in a population or dispersed group. Actual global human population growth amounts to around 83 million annually, or 1.1% per year. [ 2] The global population has grown from 1 billion in 1800 to 8.1 billion in 2024. [ 3] The UN projected population to keep growing, and estimates have put ...
The Solow–Swan model or exogenous growth model is an economic model of long-run economic growth. It attempts to explain long-run economic growth by looking at capital accumulation, labor or population growth, and increases in productivity largely driven by technological progress. At its core, it is an aggregate production function, often ...
Development economics is a branch of economics that deals with economic aspects of the development process in low- and middle- income countries. Its focus is not only on methods of promoting economic development, economic growth and structural change but also on improving the potential for the mass of the population, for example, through health ...
Demographic dividend, as defined by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), is "the economic growth potential that can result from shifts in a population’s age structure, mainly when the share of the working-age population (15 to 64) is larger than the non-working-age share of the population (14 and younger, and 65 and older)". [ 1]
The Harrod–Domar model makes the following a priori assumptions: 1: Output is a function of capital stock only (labor is irrelevant). 2: The marginal product of capital is constant; the production function exhibits constant returns to scale. This implies capital's marginal and average products are equal. 3: Capital is necessary for output.
Unified growth theory was developed in light of the alleged failure of endogenous growth theory to capture key empirical regularities in the growth processes and their contribution to the momentous rise in inequality across nations in the past two centuries. [1] [2] [3] [4]
In demography, demographic transition is a phenomenon and theory which refers to the historical shift from high birth rates and high death rates to low birth rates and low death rates, as societies attain more technology, education (especially of women) and economic development. [ 1] The demographic transition has occurred in most of the world ...