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  2. Rhind Mathematical Papyrus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhind_Mathematical_Papyrus

    Length: 199.5 cm (78.5 in) Width: 32 cm (13 in) The Rhind Mathematical Papyrus ( RMP; also designated as papyrus British Museum 10057, pBM 10058, and Brooklyn Museum 37.1784Ea-b) is one of the best known examples of ancient Egyptian mathematics. It is one of two well-known mathematical papyri, along with the Moscow Mathematical Papyrus.

  3. Snellen chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snellen_chart

    The largest letter on an eye chart often represents an acuity of 6/60 (20/200), the value that is considered "legally blind" in the US. Many individuals with high myopia cannot read the large E without glasses, but can read the 6/6 (20/20) line or 6/4.5 (20/15) line with glasses. By contrast, legally blind individuals have a visual acuity of 6/ ...

  4. Pareto chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_chart

    Pareto chart. A Pareto chart is a type of chart that contains both bars and a line graph, where individual values are represented in descending order by bars, and the cumulative total is represented by the line. The chart is named for the Pareto principle, which, in turn, derives its name from Vilfredo Pareto, a noted Italian economist.

  5. Monty Hall problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monty_Hall_problem

    With his strategy, the player has a win-chance of at least ⁠ 2 / 3 ⁠, however the TV station plays; with the TV station's strategy, the TV station will lose with probability at most ⁠ 2 / 3 ⁠, however the player plays. The fact that these two strategies match (at least ⁠ 2 / 3 ⁠, at most ⁠ 2 / 3 ⁠) proves that they form the ...

  6. Golden ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_ratio

    The golden ratio is also an algebraic number and even an algebraic integer. It has minimal polynomial. This quadratic polynomial has two roots, and. The golden ratio is also closely related to the polynomial. which has roots and As the root of a quadratic polynomial, the golden ratio is a constructible number.

  7. Fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraction

    A simple fraction (also known as a common fraction or vulgar fraction, where vulgar is Latin for "common") is a rational number written as a / b or ⁠ ⁠, where a and b are both integers. [ 9] As with other fractions, the denominator ( b) cannot be zero. Examples include ⁠ 1 2 ⁠, − ⁠ 8 5 ⁠, ⁠ −8 5 ⁠, and ⁠ 8 −5 ⁠.

  8. Integer partition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_partition

    In number theory and combinatorics, a partition of a non-negative integer n, also called an integer partition, is a way of writing n as a sum of positive integers. Two sums that differ only in the order of their summands are considered the same partition. (If order matters, the sum becomes a composition .)

  9. Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_formulation...

    The electric charge Q, third component of weak isospin T 3 (also called T z, I 3 or I z) and weak hypercharge Y W are related by = +, (or by the alternative convention Q = T 3 + Y W). The first convention, used in this article, is equivalent to the earlier Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula .