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Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky (Russian: Лев Семёнович Выготский, [vɨˈɡotskʲɪj]; Belarusian: Леў Сямёнавіч Выгоцкі; November 17 [O.S. November 5] 1896 – June 11, 1934) was a Russian and Soviet psychologist, best known for his work on psychological development in children and creating the framework known as cultural-historical activity theory.
The zone of proximal development ( ZPD) is a concept in educational psychology. It represents the space between what a learner is capable of doing unsupported and what the learner cannot do even with support. It is the range where the learner is able to perform, but only with support from a teacher or a peer with more knowledge or expertise (a ...
Cultural-historical activity theory ( CHAT) [ 1] is a theoretical framework [ 2] which helps to understand and analyse the relationship between the human mind (what people think and feel) and activity (what people do). [ 3][ 4][ 5] It traces its origins to the founders [ 6] of the cultural-historical school of Russian psychology L. S. Vygotsky ...
Cultural-historical psychology. Cultural-historical psychology is a branch of psychological theory and practice associated with Lev Vygotsky and Alexander Luria and their Circle, who initiated it in the mid-1920s–1930s. [1] The phrase "cultural-historical psychology" never occurs in the writings of Vygotsky, and was subsequently ascribed to ...
Activity theory. Activity theory ( AT; Russian: Теория деятельности) [ 1] is an umbrella term for a line of eclectic social-sciences theories and research with its roots in the Soviet psychological activity theory pioneered by Sergei Rubinstein in the 1930s. It was later advocated for and popularized by Alexei Leont'ev.
Leading activity. In the framework of the Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) the leading activity is the activity, or cooperative human action, which plays the most essential role in child development during a given developmental period. Although many activities may play a role in a child's development at any given time, the leading ...
Lev Vygotsky (b.1896) developed several theories, particularly zone of proximal development. Other theories are not exactly developmental stage theories, but do incorporate a hierarchy of psychological factors and elements. Abraham Maslow (b.1908) described a hierarchy of needs. [16]
Social constructivism is a sociological theory of knowledge according to which human development is socially situated, and knowledge is constructed through interaction with others. [ 1] Like social constructionism, social constructivism states that people work together to actively construct artifacts. But while social constructivism focuses on ...