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Gross domestic product ( GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value [ 2] of all the final goods and services produced and rendered in a specific time period by a country [ 3] or countries. [ 4][ 5][ 6] GDP is often used to measure the economic health of a country or region. [ 3] Definitions of GDP are maintained by several national and ...
Gross fixed capital formation ( GFCF) is a component of the expenditure on gross domestic product (GDP) that indicates how much of the new value added in an economy is invested rather than consumed. It measures the value of acquisitions of new or existing fixed assets by the business sector, governments, and "pure" households (excluding their ...
The value that the measures of national income and output assign to a good or service is its market value – the price it fetches when bought or sold. The actual usefulness of a product (its use-value) is not measured – assuming the use-value to be any different from its market value. Three strategies have been used to obtain the market ...
Investment is often modeled as a function of interest rates, given by the relation I = I (r), with the interest rate negatively affecting investment because it is the cost of acquiring funds with which to purchase investment goods, and with income positively affecting investment because higher income signals greater opportunities to sell the goods that physical capital can produce.
In microeconomics, value added may be defined as the market value of aggregate output of a transformation process, minus the market value of aggregate input(or aggregate inputs) of a transformation process. One may describe value added with the help of Ulbo de Sitter's design theory for production synergies. He divides transformation processes ...
Macroeconomics. Production and national income: Macroeconomics takes a big-picture view of the entire economy, including examining the roles of, and relationships between, firms, households and governments, and the different types of markets, such as the financial market and the labour market. Macroeconomics is a branch of economics that deals ...
The economics term cost, also known as economic cost or opportunity cost, refers to the potential gain that is lost by foregoing one opportunity in order to take advantage of another. The lost potential gain is the cost of the opportunity that is accepted. Sometimes this cost is explicit: for example, if a firm pays $100 for a machine, its cost ...
Capital formation. Capital formation is a concept used in macroeconomics, national accounts and financial economics. Occasionally it is also used in corporate accounts. It can be defined in three ways: It is a specific statistical concept, also known as net investment, used in national accounts statistics, econometrics and macroeconomics.