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Square number. Square number 16 as sum of gnomons. In mathematics, a square number or perfect square is an integer that is the square of an integer; [1] in other words, it is the product of some integer with itself. For example, 9 is a square number, since it equals 32 and can be written as 3 × 3 .
List of Mersenne primes and perfect numbers. Mersenne primes and perfect numbers are two deeply interlinked types of natural numbers in number theory. Mersenne primes, named after the friar Marin Mersenne, are prime numbers that can be expressed as 2p − 1 for some positive integer p. For example, 3 is a Mersenne prime as it is a prime number ...
A perfect square is an element of algebraic structure that is equal to the square of another element. Square number, a perfect square integer.
Most-perfect magic square when it is a pandiagonal magic square with two further properties (i) each 2×2 subsquare add to 1/k of the magic constant where n = 4k, and (ii) all pairs of integers distant n/2 along any diagonal (major or broken) are complementary (i.e. they sum to n 2 + 1).
Most-perfect magic square. A most-perfect magic square of order n is a magic square containing the numbers 1 to n2 with two additional properties: Each 2 × 2 subsquare sums to 2 s, where s = n2 + 1. All pairs of integers distant n /2 along a (major) diagonal sum to s.
Mersenne primes (of form 2^ p − 1 where p is a prime) In mathematics, a Mersenne prime is a prime number that is one less than a power of two. That is, it is a prime number of the form Mn = 2n − 1 for some integer n. They are named after Marin Mersenne, a French Minim friar, who studied them in the early 17th century.
In this case, the number of primitive Pythagorean triples (a, b, c) with a < b is 2k−1, where k is the number of distinct prime factors of c. [25] There exist infinitely many Pythagorean triples with square numbers for both the hypotenuse c and the sum of the legs a + b.
Superperfect number. In number theory, a superperfect number is a positive integer n that satisfies. where σ is the divisor summatory function. Superperfect numbers are not a generalization of perfect numbers but have a common generalization. The term was coined by D. Suryanarayana (1969).