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A rock climber approaches a roof while leading a multi-pitch, traditional route in Custer State Park, United States. Rock climbing is a sport in which participants climb up, across, or down natural rock formations or indoor climbing walls. The goal is to reach the summit of a formation or the endpoint of a usually pre-defined route without falling.
Bouldering is a form of free climbing that is performed on small rock formations or artificial rock walls without the use of ropes or harnesses.While bouldering can be done without any equipment, most climbers use climbing shoes to help secure footholds, chalk to keep their hands dry and to provide a firmer grip, and bouldering mats to prevent injuries from falls.
These two rock climbing sub-disciplines can be conducted in one of several ways: [3] [4] Aid climbing is a form of rock climbing that uses artificial aids such as aiders, pitons, and other mechanical devices to assist in ascending a route. Much of rock climbing began as aid climbing, and even by the 1970s, many big wall routes required aid (e.g.
In the history of rock climbing, [ a] the three main sub-disciplines— bouldering, single-pitch climbing, and big wall (and multi-pitch) climbing—can trace their origins to late 19th-century Europe. Bouldering started in Fontainebleau, and was advanced by Pierre Allain in the 1930s, and John Gill in the 1950s.
Slab climbing is a type of rock climbing where the rock face is at an angle less steep than vertical. [ 1] It is characterized by balance- and friction-dependent moves on very small holds. [ 2] It is often not leadable, or climbable from the ground up, unless it has pre-drilled bolts to protect the climb, making most slab climbs either top rope ...
Clean climbing is rock climbing techniques and equipment which climbers use in order to avoid damage to the rock. These techniques date at least in part from the 1920s and earlier in England, but the term itself may have emerged in about 1970 during the widespread and rapid adoption in the United States and Canada of nuts (also called chocks ...
USA Climbing is the national governing body of the sport of competition climbing in the United States. [1] As a 501(c)3 non-profit, they promote Sport Climbing which comprises three competition disciplines: bouldering , lead climbing , and speed climbing , in elite, youth and collegiate formats.
2005 –present. Competition climbing is a form of regulated rock climbing competition held indoors on purpose-built artificial climbing walls (earlier versions were held on external natural rock surfaces). The three competition climbing disciplines are lead climbing, bouldering, and speed climbing. The result of multiple disciplines can be ...
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